Abstract: In recent years, the incidence and mortality rates of prostate cancer in China have continued to rise, leading to an increased disease burden. The widespread adoption of precision medicine principles, coupled with advancement of drug research, has significantly transformed the management of prostate cancer at each stage. This article systematically reviews and summarizes the key clinical research progress in 2025 around three major themes: the innovation of precision diagnosis and treatment for localized prostate cancer, the forward⁃moving of intensified treatment and precision stratification for metastatic hormone⁃sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), and the breakthrough of new mechanism for metastatic castration⁃resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

Key words: Prostate cancer, Precision diagnosis and treatment, Novel hormone therapy, Biomarkers