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25 March 2012, Volume 4 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Effect of estrogen on growth of endometrial cancer cells and expression of angiogenic factors QIU Yan, LU Yuan-Yuan, ZHANG Jie-Qing 2012, 4 (1):  29-33.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2012.01.07 Abstract ( 435 )   PDF (741KB) ( 663 )   Save Objective To explore the role of estrogen in endometrial cancer by examining the expression of angiogenic factors in the estrogen-induced endometrial cell line HEC-1A. Method Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blots were used to analyze the mRNA and protein expression of angiogenic factors in HEC-1A cells after stimulation with estrogen for 30 min with or without 60-min pretreatment with inhibitors against the estrogen receptor，the AKT kinase pathway，and the NF-κB pathway. Result Real-time PCR and Western blots showed that mRNA and protein expression of angiogenic factors were significantly higher in the estrogen-stimulated group than in the unstimulated control group（P<0.05）. Pretreatment with signaling pathway inhibitors significantly reduced mRNA and protein expression of angiogenic factors below the levels in the estrogen-stimulated group that was not pretreated （P<0.05）. Conclusion Estrogen induces the production of angiogenic factors by activating signal transduction pathways. Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlations between XRCC1 genetic polymorphism Arg399Gln and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma in liver cancer family clusters in Fusui county，Guangxi DING Fei, CHEN Yuan-Yuan, XIE Yu-An 2012, 4 (1):  33-37.  doi: Abstract ( 419 )   PDF (665KB) ( 624 )   Save Objective To study the correlations between the Arg399Gln polymorphism in the DNA repair gene XRCC1 and genetic susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） in liver cancer family groups in Fusui county，Guangxi．Methods In this case-control study，21 liver cancer family groups were selected as cases and 10 normal family groups as controls.Polymerase chain reaction-restric-tion fragment length polymorphism（PCR-RFLP） analysis was used to detect the XRCC1 polymorphism Arg399Gln，and logistic re-gression was carried out to analyze the relationship between the polymorphism and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）.Results The frequency of the variant Gln allele was 23.7% among liver cancer families and 13.2% among normal families.Allele dis-tributions did not differ significantly between the two groups（P>0.05）， and genotype distributions conformed to Hardy-Weinberg e-quilibrium.For members of normal families，the risk of HCC for people with Arg/Gln was 1.622 times that of people with Arg/Arg （95% CI=0.475~5.541，P=0.440）.For members of HCC families，the risk of HCC for people with Arg/Gln was 1.198 times that of people with Arg/Arg （95% CI＝0.362~3.968，P=0.768），and the risk of HCC for people with Gln/Gln was 2.964 times that of people with Arg/Arg （95% CI＝0.434~20.220，P=0.267）.Conclusion Analysis of the Arg399Gln polymorphism of the XRCC1 gene shows that，among liver cancer family groups in Fusui county，there is a trend towards greater HCC risk  among people with Arg/Gln and Gln/Gln genotypes than among people with the Arg/Arg genotype.However，there are no significant correlations between the Arg399Gln polymorphism and susceptibility to HCC. Related Articles | Metrics

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EID3 gene cloning and mRNA expression analysis in colon cancer cell lines WANG Qin-Fu, LI Zhi, MOU Hong-Mei, XU Na, ZHANG Xue-Mei, HAN Hui 2012, 4 (1):  38-42.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2012.01.09 Abstract ( 486 )   PDF (627KB) ( 581 )   Save Objective To clone the gene encoding the novel colon cancer-associated antigen EID3 and investigate the possibility of using EID3 mRNA expression to diagnose patients with colon cancer.Methods Screening of a testis cDNA library using sera from patients with colon cancer led to discovery of the EID3 gene（NM_001008394.1），similar to tumor suppressor gene E1A.The pattern of EID3 mRNA expression was investigated in normal tissue and colon cancer cell lines using reverse transcription-PCR （RT-PCR）.Results The EID3 gene （1 002 bp） was cloned by PCR and overexpressed in E.coli at levels reaching 10% of total protein.The molecular weight was confirmed to be 39 kDa by SDS-PAGE and Western blot，and it was purified to 92% homogeneity.The gene encoding EID3 is located on chromosome 19q13.2，which contains one exon.RT-PCR analysis detected the gene in 39 of 43（90.7%） colon cancer cell lines，while EID3 mRNA was undetectable in all normal tissues examined except testis.Conclusions EID3 mRNA detection may prove to be a highly sensitive and specific technique to diagnose colon cancer.EID3 protein has been reported to initiate a humoral immune response in patients with colon cancer.Further studies are needed to explore the diagnostic potential of EID3 in colon cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Changes in pulmonary surfactant proteins during one lung ventilation in rats YI Juan, HUANG Bing, LI Yang, RUAN Lin, PENG Dan-Hui, LIN Fei, GU Yong-Hui, HUANG Yu, CHEN Xi-Hua 2012, 4 (1):  42-45.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2012.01.10 Abstract ( 442 )   PDF (492KB) ( 533 )   Save Objective To study changes in pulmonary surfactant proteins A （SP-A） and B （SP-B） in rat lung tissue after one lung ventilation.Methods Sprague-Dawley rats （n=42） were randomly divided into three groups：one lung ventilation group （group A），two lung ventilation group （group B），and control group （group C）.Groups A and B were further subdivided depending on the ventilation time （A1，A2，A3；B1，B2，B3）.An artificial endotracheal tube was pushed into the right main bronchus in order to perform one lung ventilation.Pathological changes in the lung were examined by light microscopy，and the expression of SP-A and SP-B in lung tissues was detected by Western blot.Result In contrast to group C，groups A and B showed intra-alveolar exudates，hemorrhaging and interstitial edema that was proportional to ventilation duration.The left （unventilated） lung showed more serious damage than the right lung in group A.Levels of SP-A and SP-B were significantly lower in group A than in group C（P＜0.05），and the levels in group A decreased with increasing OLV duration（P＜0.05）. In the left lung，levels of SP-A and SP-B were significantly lower in A1，A2，and A3 than in B1，B2，and B3，respectively（P＜0.05）. In the right lung，there were no significant differences between groups A and B in the expression of SP-A （P＞0.05），nor were there significant differences between A1 and B1 or A2 and B2 in the expression of SP-B （P＞0.05）.However，the levels of SP-B were lower in A3 than in B3 （P＜0.05）.The levels of SP-A and SP-B were lower in the left lung than in the right one in A1，A2，and A3（P＜0.05）.Conclusion OLV causes the levels of SP-A and SP-B in lung tissue to decrease below the levels observed with two lung ventilation of the same duration.This may be a primary cause of the more serious lung injury caused by OLV. Related Articles | Metrics

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Mortality and potential years of life lost due to bladder carcinoma in Guangxi during 2004~2005 WANG Chong-Ke, ZHANG Chun-Yan, HUANG Tian-Ren, DENG Wei, YU Jia-Hua, LI Ji-Lin, YE Si-Yuan 2012, 4 (1):  46-49.  doi: doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2012.01.11 Abstract ( 317 )   PDF (435KB) ( 465 )   Save Objective To investigate mortality and other hazards posed by bladder carcinoma to residents of Guangxi.Methods Data were collected on bladder carcinoma in Guangxi during 2004~2005.Crude mortality rates，standardized mortality rates，potential years of life lost （PYLL），and potential years of life lost rate （PYLLR） were analyzed.Results The crude mortality rate due to bladder carcinoma was 0.97 per 100 000 for both genders，1.33 per 100 000 for males and 0.56 per 100 000 for females.The rate was 2.38-fold higher for males than for females，and this difference was significant （u=3.60，P<0.05）.The mortality rate was significantly higher during this period than during 1990~1992 （u=1.97，P<0.05）.PYLL was 285 person-years for males and 60 person-years for females；PYLL rates were 0.07% for males and 0.02% for females.Conclusions Mortality due to bladder carcinoma seems to be increasing，with mortality higher among males than among females.Thus bladder cancer appears to pose a greater risk to males than to females. Related Articles | Metrics

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Serum levels of TGF-β1 and VEGF in patients with NSCLC and their clinical significance MO Juan-Mei, ZHOU Shao-Zhang, LIN Xiao-Mei, ZENG Ai-Ping, YU Qi-Tao, SONG Xiang-Qun 2012, 4 (1):  49-52.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2012.01.12 Abstract ( 449 )   PDF (439KB) ( 668 )   Save Objective To measure serum levels of TGF-β1 and VEGF in patients with non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） and determine their clinical significance.Methods Serum levels of TGF-β1 and VEGF were determined by ELISA in 58 patients with NSCLC before surgery and in 29 healthy volunteers.Serum levels were compared between the two groups，and associations of serum levels with clinicopathological features were explored.Results Serum levels of TGF-β1 and VEGF were significantly higher in patients than in controls（P<0.01）.Among patients，serum levels of TGF-β1 and VEGF were higher in patients with poorly differentiated tumors，patients in clinical stage III + IV and patients with lymph node metastasis（P<0.01）.Sex，age and NSCLC pathology were not associated with serum levels of TGF-β1 or VEGF （P>0.05）. Serum levels of TGF-β1 and VEGF were positively correlated in NSCLC patients but not in controls（P<0.05）. Conclusion TGF-β1 and VEGF may participate in NSCLC angiogenesis，and promote the development and/or transfer of NSCLC. Related Articles | Metrics

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Dosimetry study of adaptive radiotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer CHEN Long, XIE Xiao-Mei, HUANG Jiang-Qiong, FU Qing-Guo, ZHANG Xiao-Jing, ZHU Xiao-Dong, LIANG Xia 2012, 4 (1):  53-56.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2012.01.13 Abstract ( 491 )   PDF (487KB) ( 905 )   Save Objective To evaluate and compare the dosimetry achieved using three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy（CT-3DCRT） with that achieved using cone-beam computer tomography adaptive radiotherapy（CBCT-ART） in patients with non-small cell lung cancer，in order to provide a basis for selecting the best clinical treatment strategy.Methods Ten patients with non-small cell lung cancer were treated in our hospital between June 2010 and October 2011，first using hypofractionated CT-3DCRT，with CBCT verifi-cation performed before each fraction，and then using CBCT-ART. Dosimetry of target and normal tissue was compared between the two CT approaches using dose-volume histograms.Results In the CBCT-ART approach，V20 of the affected side of the lung was（9.5±3.45）% and the Dmax of the spinal cord was （25±12.7） Gy，while the corresponding values in the CT-3DCRT approach were（11.5±3.5）% and（27±13.2） Gy（P<0.05）. Adaptive radiotherapy can significantly reduce the radiation exposure of normal tissue compared with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy.Conclusion Using target volume changes in each CBCT image to adjust the dosing regime can significantly reduce the radiation exposure of adjacent normal tissue，which may allow use of a higher target dose and sub-sequent improvement in local control. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of prognostic factors in 169 patients with BCLC stage B hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy Guo-Zhe, XIANG Bang-De, LI Le-Qun, ZHAO Yin-Nong, YUAN Wei-Ping, LIU Jian-Yong, WU Fei-Xiang, WU Guo-Bin 2012, 4 (1):  57-61.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2012.01.14 Abstract ( 636 )   PDF (584KB) ( 697 )   Save Objective To investigate prognostic factors affecting the outcomes of patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer （BCLC） stage B hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC） after hepatectomy. Methods Clinicopathologic data of 169 patients with BCLC stage B HCC were analyzed retrospectively.All patients underwent hepatectomy between March 2003 and September 2007.Cumulative survival rates were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method.Prognostic factors were screened initially by the log-rank test，and indepen-dent prognostic factors were further analyzed by Cox regression.Results Overall survival rates for 1，3，and 5 years were，respec-tively，76.3%，46.0%，and 38.8%.According to the log-rank test，preoperative serum ALT （P=0.029），tumor capsule （P=0.031），tumor number （P=0.026），liver cirrhosis （P=0.027），and postoperative adjuvant therapy （P<0.001） were significantly associated with prognosis of stage B HCC，and Cox regression indicated that independent prognostic factors were tumor capsule （P=0.032），tumor number （P=0.048），liver cirrhosis （P=0.049），and postoperative adjuvant therapy （P<0.001）.Conclusions Hepatectomy is an effective therapy in patients with stage B HCC，and tumor capsule，tumor number，liver cirrhosis，and postoperative adjuvant therapy are independent prognostic factors. Related Articles | Metrics

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Diagnosis and surgical treatment of insulinoma：an analysis of 21 cases SHANG Li-Ming, SU Hao, PENG Min-Hao, QIN Xiao, GUO Ya, XIAO Kai-Yin, PENG Tao 2012, 4 (1):  61-64.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2012.01.15 Abstract ( 461 )   PDF (459KB) ( 568 )   Save Objective To investigate the clinical features，diagnosis and surgical treatment of a series of 21 cases of insulinoma at a single medical center.Method Clinical data for 21 patients with insulinoma treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University between December 2006 and October 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.Result A total of 18 of the 21 cases（85.7%） were benign，and the remaining 3 were malignant（14.3%）. All the tumors could be localized by ultrasound，computed tomography （CT）， magnetic resonance imaging（MRI） or a combination of these techniques. Surgical resection was the best treatment， and malig-nant cases were managed by transarterial hepatic chemoembolization（TACE） in addition to surgery. The most common postoperative complication was pancreatic fistula，which occured in 5 of 21 cases（23.8%）. Conclusion Preoperative imaging using multiple tech-niques can localize insulinomas，and intraoperative ultrasonography （IOUS） and surgical exploration may allow more precise localization of tumors.The optimal surgical approach depends on tumor location，size and characteristics，and should lead to minimal complications. Related Articles | Metrics

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Postoperative adjuvant oral chemotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma：a Meta-analysis QIN Cheng, ZHONG Jian-Hong, LI Le-Qun, PENG Ning-Fu, GONG Yi-Zhen, MO Zhe-Lun, BAI Tao, YOU Xue-Mei 2012, 4 (1):  65-70.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2012.01.16 Abstract ( 453 )   PDF (840KB) ( 511 )   Save  Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of postoperative oral chemotherapy（OC） for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）.Methods Sources such as MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched.All randomized trials comparing curative hepat-ic resection alone with hepatic resection plus OC  to treat HCC were identified.Risk ratios （RRs） and 95% confidence intervals （95% CIs） were calculated.Results Three randomized controlled trials involving 286 patients were included.For 1-，3-，and 5-year tumor re-currence rates，hepatic resection plus OC did not show significantly lower recurrence，with respective pooled risk ratios （RRs） of 0.92 （95% CI=0.26~1.35，P=0.66），0.82（95% CI=0.66~1.01，P=0.06），and 0.84（95% CI=0.71~1.01，P= 0.06）.Similarly，hepatic resection plus OC did not show significant differences in 1-，3-，or 5-year overall survival from resection alone（1-year survival，RR=1.43，95% CI=0.58~3.56，P=0.44；3-year survival，RR=1.39，95% CI=0.75~2.55，P=0.29；5-year survival，RR=1.20，95% CI=0.46~3.16，P=0.71）.Nausea，vomiting，diarrhea，abnormal liver function and leukocyte and/or platelet count decline were reported as side effects of OC，but these were well tolerated by most patients.No infections，autoimmune disorders or deaths related to treatment were reported.Conclu-sion Adjuvant OC appears to be ineffective for treating patients with HCC after hepatic resection，but definitive conclu-sions require further trials. Related Articles | Metrics