Table of Content

25 February 2025, Volume 17 Issue 1 Previous Issue   

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China expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of lymphoepithelial carcinoma (2025 edition) Tumor marker committee of China Anti-Cancer Association, Integrative Oncology Branch of the China Anti-Cancer Association 2025, 17 (1):  1-10.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.01.01 Abstract ( 249 )   PDF   Save Related Articles | Metrics

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China expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of low-grade serous ovarian cancer (2024 edition)  Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Ovarian Cancer Specialty Committee of China Anti-Cancer Association 2025, 17 (1):  11-20.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.01.02 Abstract ( 144 )   PDF   Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Analyzing the impact of lncRNA MBNL1-AS1 on the molecular characteristics of Basal subtype muscle-invasive bladder cancer based on omics technologies LIANG Shuang, XIE Yuanliang, FENG Chao, LU Qinchen, TAO Yuting, LV Yuqi, LI Tianyu, WANG Qiuyan, TANG Shaomei 2025, 17 (1):  21-29.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.01.03 Abstract ( 98 )   PDF   Save Objective To investigate the molecular subtype specificity of muscle⁃invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) and provide therapeutic guidance for patients with different MIBC molecular subtypes. Methods Based on the UNC molecular typing method for MIBC, transcriptome sequencing data from 48 MIBC patients were used to classify them into two molecular subtypes: Basal and Luminal. Differential expression analysis was performed to explore MIBC⁃specific lncRNAs, followed by further investigation of their molecular characteristics and clinical significance. Combining single⁃cell mass cytometry (CyTOF) and imaging mass cytometry (IMC), the immune microenvironment heterogeneity of Basal subtype MIBC patients with high and low MBNL1⁃AS1 expression was analyzed. Results Molecular subtyping analysis revealed that lncRNA MBNL1⁃AS1 is specifically expressed in MIBC, and its low expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis in the Basal subtype MIBC patients (P=0.022). Further analysis of transcriptome sequencing data revealed that the MBNL1⁃AS1 low expression group in Basal subtype MIBC exhibited characteristics of dedifferentiation (P=0.008), elevated stemness (P=0.020), and high proliferation (P=0.010). The immune score of Basal MIBC patients with low MBNL1⁃AS1 expression showed a significant negative correlation with NK CD56bright cells and Treg cells (P<0.05), while the expression levels of B cell⁃ and CD8+ T cell⁃related genes were elevated in the high MBNL1⁃AS1 expression group. High⁃dimensional single⁃cell proteomics analysis revealed that Basal MIBC patients with low MBNL1⁃AS1 expression exhibited a higher abundance of Treg cells (P=0.016).  Conclusions Basal MIBC patients in the low MBNL1⁃AS1 expression group demonstrated the characteristics of dedifferentiation, elevated stemness, high proliferation, and immune suppression. MBNL1⁃AS1 has the potential to serve as a biomarker for predicting immune response in Basal MIBC.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical significance of YAP signaling activation in extracellular matrix remodeling in hepatocellular carcinoma and its molecular mechanisms ZHANG Shiyi, SUN Jiamin, ZHONG Jianhong, WANG Qiuyan, TAO Yuting 2025, 17 (1):  30-39.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.01.04 Abstract ( 117 )   PDF   Save Objective To investigate the association between Yes⁃associated protein (YAP) signaling activation and the clinical characteristics of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to analyze the potential molecular mechanism by which YAP signaling promotes HCC progression through extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Methods The tissue samples and clinicopathological data of 116 HCC patients who underwent liver resection at the Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital from May 2018 to July 2019 were included. Patients were classified based on a YAP upregulated gene set using gene set variation analysis method. Transcriptomic sequencing was performed to investigate the clinical significance and molecular characteristics of YAP signaling activation, with validation conducted using the HCC cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Single⁃cell RNA sequencing data from 10 HCC samples were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and molecular characteristics of malignant cells with high YAP scores were analyzed, and CellChat algorithm was employed to investigate the interaction mechanism between high YAP malignant cells and fibroblasts. Results The overall survival of patients in the high YAP score group was significantly shorter than that of the low YAP score group (P<0.001). Additionally, the high YAP score group was associated with a higher prevalence of microvascular invasion (P<0.001), advanced Edmondson grading (P=0.005), and advanced Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging (P=0.008). High YAP score was an independent risk factor for overall survival in HCC patients (HR=2.467, 95%CI: 1.121-5.429, P=0.025). Differential gene expression analysis revealed that up⁃regulated genes in the high YAP score group were significantly enriched in ECM⁃related signaling pathways. Single⁃cell analysis revealed that ECM stiffness promoted YAP signaling activation in myofibroblast⁃like cancer⁃associated fibroblasts (myCAF), further enhanced the expression of fibrosis⁃related genes and accelerated ECM deposition and remodeling. Additionally, CellChat analysis demonstrated that myCAF specifically activated YAP signaling in malignant cells via the COL1A1/COL1A2⁃CD44 ligand⁃receptor axis. Conclusions YAP signaling activation was strongly associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients. It induced myCAF to secrete fibrosis⁃related genes, increasing ECM stiffness, which in turn further activated YAP signaling in malignant cells via the COL1A1/COL1A2⁃CD44 axis, forming a positive feedback loop. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of MCM5 knockdown on proliferation,migration and apoptosis of breast cancer cells LI Meng, LI Pingchuan, LIU Xiaoqiang, YANG Huawei 2025, 17 (1):  40-47.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.01.05 Abstract ( 127 )   PDF   Save Objective To investigate the association between Yes⁃associated protein (YAP) signaling activation and the clinical characteristics of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to analyze the potential molecular mechanism by which YAP signaling promotes HCC progression through extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Methods The tissue samples and clinicopathological data of 116 HCC patients who underwent liver resection at the Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital from May 2018 to July 2019 were included. Patients were classified based on a YAP upregulated gene set using gene set variation analysis method. Transcriptomic sequencing was performed to investigate the clinical significance and molecular characteristics of YAP signaling activation, with validation conducted using the HCC cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Single⁃cell RNA sequencing data from 10 HCC samples were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and molecular characteristics of malignant cells with high YAP scores were analyzed, and CellChat algorithm was employed to investigate the interaction mechanism between high YAP malignant cells and fibroblasts. Results The overall survival of patients in the high YAP score group was significantly shorter than that of the low YAP score group (P<0.001). Additionally, the high YAP score group was associated with a higher prevalence of microvascular invasion (P<0.001), advanced Edmondson grading (P=0.005), and advanced Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging (P=0.008). High YAP score was an independent risk factor for overall survival in HCC patients (HR=2.467, 95%CI: 1.121-5.429, P=0.025). Differential gene expression analysis revealed that up⁃regulated genes in the high YAP score group were significantly enriched in ECM⁃related signaling pathways. Single⁃cell analysis revealed that ECM stiffness promoted YAP signaling activation in myofibroblast⁃like cancer⁃associated fibroblasts (myCAF), further enhanced the expression of fibrosis⁃related genes and accelerated ECM deposition and remodeling. Additionally, CellChat analysis demonstrated that myCAF specifically activated YAP signaling in malignant cells via the COL1A1/COL1A2⁃CD44 ligand⁃receptor axis. Conclusions YAP signaling activation was strongly associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients. It induced myCAF to secrete fibrosis⁃related genes, increasing ECM stiffness, which in turn further activated YAP signaling in malignant cells via the COL1A1/COL1A2⁃CD44 axis, forming a positive feedback loop. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of ischemia postconditioning on mitochondrial function in rats and its protective mechanisms in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury LI Lei, LIU Xiaodan, ZHOU Kaixiang, HE Linjie, ZHANG Jian, CHEN Qiang, MENG Han, FENG Huan, ZHANG Wenming, LU Jun, ZHOU Feng, CUI Hongzun, NIU Wancheng, ZHANG Zhaohui 2025, 17 (1):  48-54.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.01.06 Abstract ( 90 )   PDF   Save Objective To investigate the expression of minichromosome maintenance proteins 5 (MCM5) in breast cancer and its  biological functions. Methods The expression of MCM5 in breast cancer and para⁃cancerous tissues, along with its prognostic correlation, were analyzed by GEO database. Cancer tissue and para⁃cancerous tissue samples of breast cancer patients treated in Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital from 2021 to 2023 were collected. Breast cancer cells MDA⁃MB⁃231, MDA⁃MB⁃468 and MCF⁃7 and normal breast epithelial cells MCF⁃10A were cultured in vitro. The expression of MCM5 in tissues and cells were assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), RT⁃qPCR and Western blot. To investigate the effects of MCM5 on breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis, lentivirus⁃mediated MCM5 knockdown cells were evaluated by EdU assay, colony formation, wound healing assay, Transwell invasion assay and flow cytometry. Results Analysis of the GSE42568 dataset revealed that MCM5 expression was significantly higher in breast cancer tissues compared to normal tissues (P<0.001). Furthermore, high MCM5 expression was significantly associated with poorer disease⁃free survival and overall survival (all P<0.05). IHC results demonstrated that the positive expression rate of MCM5 in breast cancer tissues  was significantly higher than that in para⁃cancer tissues (53.13% vs 16.76%, P<0.0001). RT⁃qPCR and Western blot analysis revealed that both the mRNA and protein expression levels of MCM5 were higher in breast cancer cells than in normal breast cells (all P<0.05). Functional assays revealed that MCM5 knockdown significantly inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while increasing cell apoptosis (all P<0.05). Conclusions MCM5 is highly expressed in breast cancer and is strongly associated with poor patient prognosis. MCM5 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells and promoting apoptosis. MCM5 may serve as a novel and potential therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Changing trends in the disease burden of liver cancer in China and the United States from 1990 to 2021 and its predictions JIANG Lu, ZHANG Zhidong, WU Jianjun, LIU Lu, SHANG Longjian, WEI Xingmin 2025, 17 (1):  55-60.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.01.07 Abstract ( 228 )   PDF   Save Objective To compare the changes and differences in the disease burden and risk factors of liver cancer between China and the United States from 1990 to 2021, predict future trends, and provide evidence⁃based recommendations for liver cancer prevention and control strategies. Methods This study was based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) database. Joinpoint regression analysis was employed to calculate the age⁃standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age⁃standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), age⁃standardized death rate (ASDR) and age⁃standardized disability adjusted life years rate (ASDALYR), as well as the average annual percentage change (AAPC) of each indicator of liver cancer in China and the United States from 1990 to 2021. The Bayesian age⁃period⁃cohort  model was used to predict the disease burden of liver cancer from 2022 to 2035. Results From 1990 to 2021, the disease burden of liver cancer in China was higher than that in the United States. In 2021, the ASIR, ASDR, ASPR, and ASDALY of liver cancer in China were 9.52/105, 8.35/105, 13.29/105, and 239.91/105, respectively. In contrast, the corresponding rates in the United States were 5.58/105, 4.24/105, 9.31/105, and 106.24/105, respectively. The disease burden of liver cancer was higher among males than females in both countries, and the incidence, mortality, and disability⁃adjusted life years rate increased with age. From 1990 to 2021, the ASIR (AAPC=-0.31), ASDR (AAPC=-0.79), and ASDALY rate (AAPC=-1.03) for liver cancer in China showed a declining trend. In contrast, in the United States the ASIR (AAPC=2.81), ASDR (AAPC=2.43) and ASDALY rates (AAPC=2.29) all demonstrated an increasing trend. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were the leading risk factors for liver cancer⁃related deaths in China, whereas HCV infection, drug use and alcohol use were the predominant risk factors in the United States. It is projected that the disease burden of liver cancer in China will show an overall declining trend from 2022 to 2035, while in the United States, it is expected to slightly increase during the same period. Conclusions Although the disease burden of liver cancer in China is declining, it remains higher than that in the United States. Continued efforts to strengthen prevention and control measures for liver cancer are essential, particularly among men and middle⁃aged to elderly populations. Related Articles | Metrics

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Disease burden in colorectal cancer attributed to fasting hyperglycemia in china from 1990 to 2021 and projections of future trends WANG Haodi, DENG Zhengming, WANG Gang, JIANG Zhiwei 2025, 17 (1):  61-67.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.01.08 Abstract ( 92 )   PDF   Save Objective To analyze the disease burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) attributed to fasting hyperglycemia in China from 1990 to 2021 and to project trends for the period 2022 to 2036, thereby providing a scientific basis for CRC prevention strategies in China. Methods Relevant data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2021(GBD2021) database. The trend analysis of mortality, age⁃standardized mortality rate (ASMR), disability⁃adjusted life years (DALYs), and age⁃standardized DALYs rates (ASDR) were performed using the Joinpoint regression model. The age, period and cohort effects of CRC attributed to fasting hyperglycemia were examined using an age⁃period⁃cohort model. Additionally, the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was utilized to project trends in the disease cases, ASMR and ASDR from 2022 to 2036. Results Compared to 1990, the number of CRC deaths, ASMR, DALYs and ASDR attributable to fasting hyperglycemia in China in 2021 increased by 192.88%, 3.45%, 162.27%, and 4.49%, respectively, with an average annual increase of 0.25% for ASMR and 0.24% for ASDR. The disease burden was higher among males than females. The age effect revealed that the CRC mortality attributable to fasting hyperglycemia in China peaked in the 90-94 age group, while the DALYs rate peaked in the 85-89 age group. The period effect indicated that the period relative risk (RR) of mortality initially increased, followed by a slight wave⁃like trend over time, whereas the period RR of the DALYs rate initially increased, stabilized, and then rose again over time. The cohort effect demonstrated that the cohort RR for both mortality and DALYs rate initially decreased and then fluctuated upward over time. The predicted results indicated that the number of CRC deaths attributable to fasting hyperglycemia in China will decrease from 18,440 in 2021 to 5,144 in 2036. Similarly, the ASMR is projected to decline from 0.90/105 in 2021 to 0.84/105 in 2036. Additionally, the ASDR is expected to decrease from 20.25 /105 in 2021 to 18.85/105 in 2036. Conclusions The number of CRC deaths, ASMR, DALYs, and ASDR attributed to fasting hyperglycemia in China from 1990 to 2021 exhibited an increasing trend, partially influenced by age, period, and cohort effects. In the future, it is essential to strengthen glycemic control among high⁃risk groups, such as men and the elderly, and to prioritize CRC health education and awareness to reduce the disease burden. Related Articles | Metrics

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Trend of mortality and disease burden of gastric cancer in China,2004—2021 CAO Le, MA Minmin, LI Wenmin, SHUI Mingming, JIANG Cheng 2025, 17 (1):  68-73.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.01.09 Abstract ( 140 )   PDF   Save Objective To analyze the disease burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) attributed to fasting hyperglycemia in China from 1990 to 2021 and to project trends for the period 2022 to 2036, thereby providing a scientific basis for CRC prevention strategies in China. Methods Relevant data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2021(GBD2021) database. The trend analysis of mortality, age⁃standardized mortality rate (ASMR), disability⁃adjusted life years (DALYs), and age⁃standardized DALYs rates (ASDR) were performed using the Joinpoint regression model. The age, period and cohort effects of CRC attributed to fasting hyperglycemia were examined using an age⁃period⁃cohort model. Additionally, the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was utilized to project trends in the disease cases, ASMR and ASDR from 2022 to 2036. Results Compared to 1990, the number of CRC deaths, ASMR, DALYs and ASDR attributable to fasting hyperglycemia in China in 2021 increased by 192.88%, 3.45%, 162.27%, and 4.49%, respectively, with an average annual increase of 0.25% for ASMR and 0.24% for ASDR. The disease burden was higher among males than females. The age effect revealed that the CRC mortality attributable to fasting hyperglycemia in China peaked in the 90-94 age group, while the DALYs rate peaked in the 85-89 age group. The period effect indicated that the period relative risk (RR) of mortality initially increased, followed by a slight wave⁃like trend over time, whereas the period RR of the DALYs rate initially increased, stabilized, and then rose again over time. The cohort effect demonstrated that the cohort RR for both mortality and DALYs rate initially decreased and then fluctuated upward over time. The predicted results indicated that the number of CRC deaths attributable to fasting hyperglycemia in China will decrease from 18,440 in 2021 to 5,144 in 2036. Similarly, the ASMR is projected to decline from 0.90/105 in 2021 to 0.84/105 in 2036. Additionally, the ASDR is expected to decrease from 20.25 /105 in 2021 to 18.85/105 in 2036. Conclusions The number of CRC deaths, ASMR, DALYs, and ASDR attributed to fasting hyperglycemia in China from 1990 to 2021 exhibited an increasing trend, partially influenced by age, period, and cohort effects. In the future, it is essential to strengthen glycemic control among high⁃risk groups, such as men and the elderly, and to prioritize CRC health education and awareness to reduce the disease burden. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the initial titration dose and genetic polymorphism of oxycodone hydrochloride prolonged-release tablets in the treatment of severe cancer pain CHEN Xiaodan, ZHOU Shu, LYU Yanru, XU Zhiyong, LAN Haiyan, LU Shui, GAO Shan, SHU Liuyang, LIN Siyang, HAO Yanrong, XIE Yanyan 2025, 17 (1):  74-80.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.01.10 Abstract ( 75 )   PDF   Save Objective To investigate the analgesic effect of 10 mg and 20 mg oxycodone hydrochloride prolonged⁃release tablets as initial titration doses in patients with severe cancer pain, and the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of OPRM1 A118G and ABCB1 C3435T and the requirement for oxycodone hydrochloride prolonged⁃release tablets. Methods A total of 148 patients with severe cancer pain, who had not previously used opioids systematically and were initially treated at the Department of Medical Oncology of the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region between January 2019 and October 2020 were selected, and randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group, with 74 patients each, using 20 mg and 10 mg oxycodone hydrochloride prolonged⁃release tablets as the initial titration dose. The pain relief rate, the completion rate of pain titration within 3 d, the requirement for oxycodone hydrochloride prolonged⁃release tablets, and adverse reactions in both groups were recorded. The requirement for oxycodone hydrochloride prolonged⁃release tablets under different genotypes was calculated. Results The pain relief rates at 1 hour and 24 hours, as well as the completion rate of pain titration within 3 days in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group（90.5% vs 68.9%, P=0.001; 89.2% vs 75.7%, P=0.031; 70.3% vs 54.1%, P=0.040）. After the titration of cancer pain was stabilized, there was no statistical significance in the 24 h requirement of oxycodone hydrochloride prolonged⁃release tablets and common adverse reactions in both groups (all P>0.05). The median 24 h requirement of oxycodone hydrochloride prolonged⁃release tablets in the experimental group and the control groups were 54.62 (35.18, 105.82) mg and 62.15 (42.69, 102.79) mg, respectively. Nausea and vomiting, constipation, and dizziness were the most common adverse reactions, all of which could be alleviated with symptomatic treatment. Patients carrying AA, AG, and GG genotypes at the OPRM1 A118G site exhibited different requirements for 24 h oxycodone hydrochloride prolonged⁃release tablets (P<0.05), among which the patients carrying the GG genotype having the highest demand , while the genetic polymorphisms of ABCB1 C3435T had no significant effect on the requirement of oxycodone hydrochloride prolonged⁃release tablets in patients with severe cancer pain. Conclusions Using 20 mg oxycodone hydrochloride prolonged⁃release tablets as the initial titration dose can improve the remission rate of severe cancer pain and ensures greater safety. The OPRM1 A118G genetic polymorphism may influence the requirement for oxycodone hydrochloride prolonged⁃release tablets and could serve as a potential biomarker to guide cancer pain treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical features and treatment efficacy analysis of central nervous system involvement in extranodal nasal-type natural killer/T-cell lymphoma ZENG Lijie, WANG Liang, YANG Lei 2025, 17 (1):  81-87.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.01.11 Abstract ( 72 )   PDF   Save Objective To analyze the clinical features, treatment strategies and survival outcomes of extranodal nasal⁃type NK/T⁃cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) cases involving central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Methods The clinical and imaging data of 18 ENKTCL patients with CNS involvement admitted to Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University from May 2009 to November 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Combined with follow⁃up investigation, the clinical features, remission rate and prognosis of patients after treatment were analyzed. Results Among the 18 ENKTCL patients with CNS involvement, the median age was 48 years (range, 33-61 years), with 72.2% (13/5) being male. The median time from initial diagnosis of ENKTCL to CNS involvement was 4 months(range, 1-24 months), 6 patients suffered CNS involvement at the time of initial ENKTCL diagnosis, while the remaining patients  were identified during disease progression. Radiological examinations identified CNS lesion locations in 15 patients. 13 of 16 patients displayed abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) underwent CSF examinations. Lymphoma cells were detected in the aqueous humor of 2 patients, and lymphoma involvement was identified using optical coherence tomography. In terms of treatment outcomes, 16 patients received high⁃dose methotrexate and pegaspargase⁃based chemotherapy, 2 achieved a complete response, 1 had a partial response and 15 experienced progressive disease. After the median follow⁃up of 11.4 months (range, 1⁃25 months), the median overall survival was 3.5 months. Conclusions CNS involvement in ENKTCL is a rare condition characterized by rapid disease progression and poor prognosis. The comprehensive diagnosis combined with clinical manifestations, the results of radiological and CSF examinations and aqueous humor, it aids in identifying the central lesion, developing an individualized treatment plan, and improving patient prognosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical application value of preoperative interventional embolization in total en-bloc spondylectomy for spinal tumors TAN Xiaoning, ZHANG Tianwen, LIU Bin, ZHAO Chang 2025, 17 (1):  88-94.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.01.12 Abstract ( 52 )   PDF   Save Objective To investigate the clinical application value of preoperative interventional arterial embolization in total en⁃bloc spondylectomy (TES) for spinal tumors. Methods The clinical data of 34 patients who underwent TES for spinal tumors in the department of Orthopaedic Soft Tissue Surgery of the Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital from January 2023 to June 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the embolized group (n=11) and the non⁃embolized group (n=23) based on whether underwent preoperative interventional arterial embolization. The differences between the two groups were compared in terms of intraoperative blood loss, red blood cell transfusion volume, calculated blood loss, operative time and length of hospital stay. Results Interventional arterial embolization was successfully performed in all 11 patients in the embolization group, with no serious complications reported. The intraoperative blood loss in the embolized group was 900.00 mL, the red blood cell transfusion volume was 4.00 U, the calculated blood loss was 55.00 g/L, the operative time was (340.91±100.84) min, and the length of hospital stay was (14.18±3.76) days. In the non⁃embolized group, the corresponding values were 1,200.00 mL、3.50 U、63.00g/L、(313.48±72.21) min and (16.26±5.11) d, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in above indexes between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions Preoperative interventional arterial embolization in TES for spinal tumors are relatively safe. It may still offer potential advantages in reducing intraoperative blood and the risk of major bleeding. Related Articles | Metrics

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Development of cancer-specific survival prediction model and risk stratification for patients aged ≥55 years with N1b stage papillary thyroid carcinoma based on the SEER database JIA Yingguo, LUO Pengfei, MA Wei, DONG Jinmin, JIAO Dahai 2025, 17 (1):  95-102.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.01.13 Abstract ( 68 )   PDF   Save Objective To investigate the influencing factors of cancer⁃specific survival (CSS) in patients aged ≥55 years with N1b stage papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), develop a random survival forest (RSF) model and used for risk stratification, and assess the survival benefits of different treatment options. Methods Clinical data of 2, 864 eligible patients with PTC in Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results(SEER) database from 2004 to 2019 were collected and randomly divided into the training group (n=2, 008) and the validation group (n=856) at a ratio of 7∶3. The potential risk factors of CSS were determined using Cox proportional hazards regression model and Kaplan⁃Meier (K⁃M) survival analyses. Key variables were selected through Lasso regression , and both Lasso⁃Cox and RSF prediction models were developed. Model performance was evaluated using the concordance index (C⁃index), time⁃dependent receiver operating characteristic (tROC) curves, and Brier scores. Risk stratification was conducted, and survival benefits associated with different treatment strategies were evaluated. Results Cox proportional hazards regression model indicated that older age, distant metastasis, larger tumor size, extensive extrathyroidal extension, marital status, lack of radiotherapy, thyroid lobectomy and receipt of chemotherapy were independent risk factors for CSS (all P<0.05). Lasso regression screened out four key variables: age, tumor size, extrathyroidal extension, and distant metastasis. Both models showed high discrimination and calibration, with the RSF model superior in the training group and comparable in validation group. Log⁃rank analysis revealed that the 3-year, 5-year and 10-year CSS rates in the high⁃risk group were 68.15%, 58.63% and 37.52%, compared with 96.86%, 94.38% and 88.87% in the low⁃risk group, respectively. neither the surgical approach nor radiotherapy significantly affected survival in the low⁃risk group, whereas significant survival differences were observed in the high⁃risk group. Conclusions The RSF model developed in this study demonstrated strong predictive performance for CSS in patients aged ≥55 years with N1b stage PTC. This model facilitates risk stratification and provides a basis for clinical treatment decision⁃making. Related Articles | Metrics

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Predictive value of radiomics model based on cone-beam breast CT images for pathological complete response of neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer YANG Jun, KANG Wei, ZHONG Wuning, ZHAO Xin 2025, 17 (1):  103-108.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.01.14 Abstract ( 100 )   PDF   Save Objective To investigate the predictive value of radiomics model based on cone⁃beam breast CT (CBBCT) images for pathological complete response (pCR) of neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer. Methods CBBCT images from 106 female breast cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant therapy in Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital from January 2022 to May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were randomly divided into the training group and the validation group at a ratio of 8∶2. A total of 2, 264 radiomics features were extracted, and radiomics models were constructed through a cross⁃combination of feature selectors and machine⁃learning classifiers. The performance of the model was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) was applied to evaluate the net benefits at different threshold probabilities between the training and the validation groups. Results The area under the curve (AUC) of L2 norm regularization⁃decision tree model demonstrated strong performance in the training group was  0.941(95%CI: 0.897-0.984), accuracy was 86.9%, specificity was 94.2%, and sensitivity was 75.0%. In the validation group, the model achieved an AUC of 0.732(95%CI: 0.518⁃0.947), accuracy of 72.7%, specificity of 85.7%, and sensitivity of 50.0%. Both the training and validation groups achieved the most net benefit. Conclusions The L2 norm regularization⁃decision tree prediction model based on CBBCT images demonstrates strong performance in predicting pCR of neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer, which can provide valuable information for individualized treatment and timely adjustments to chemotherapy regimens. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between perineural invasion,clinical pathological characteristics of cervical cancer and its effects on prognosis ZHANG Yuanfen, LONG Ying, YAO Desheng 2025, 17 (1):  109-114.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.01.15 Abstract ( 74 )   PDF   Save Objective To investigate the relationship between perineural invasion (PNI) and clinicopathological characteristics,  as well as its effects on prognosis of cervical cancer. Methods A total of 836 patients with cervical cancer who underwent radical hysterectomy plus pelvic lymphadenectomy at the Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital between October 2013 and April 2024 were retrospectively analyzed to analyze the relationship between PNI and clinicopathological characteristics of cervical cancer, as well as the factors influencing prognosis. Results Among the 836 patients, 172 were PNI positive, the positive rate of PNI was 20.6%. Univariable analysis revealed that clinical stage of cervical cancer, lymph⁃vascular space invasion (LVSI), lymph node metastasis, depth of stromal invasion, and parametrial invasion of cervical cancer might be related to the occurrence of PNI (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis identified that LVSI, lymph node metastasis, depth of stromal invasion >1/2, parametrial invasion, and high clinical stage were independent risk factors for PNI (all P<0.05). The recurrence and mortality rates in the PNI⁃positive group were higher than those in the PNI⁃negative group (20.8% vs 9.6%; 20.1% vs 11.8%). Additionally, the 5⁃year progression⁃free survival rate and 5⁃year overall survival rate in the PNI⁃positive group were lower than those in the PNI⁃negative group (76.4% vs 88.0%, 74.2% vs 86.2%), and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions LVSI, lymph node metastasis, depth of stromal invasion >1/2 , parametrial invasion, and high clinical stage are independent risk factors for the occurrence of PNI. However, no significant correlation is found between PNI and the immunohistochemical indicators (p16 or Ki⁃67). Compared to PNI⁃negative patients, cervical cancer patients with positive PNI have a poorer prognosis.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on capsular contracture after breast implant reconstruction in patients with breast cancer JIA Chensi, WANG Xiaohong, ZHOU Yang, ZHANG Jinghua 2025, 17 (1):  115-120.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.01.16 Abstract ( 89 )   PDF   Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on adverse reactions of antibody drugs conjugate in non-small cell lung cancer   ZHAO Fanfei, ZHENG Yang, NIU Tantan, HUANG Chun 2025, 17 (1):  120-127.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.01.17 Abstract ( 64 )   PDF   Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on multifunctional nano-drug delivery system in the treatment of liver cancer WANG Huimin, ZHAO Dongming, LI Xianfeng 2025, 17 (1):  128-132.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.01.18 Abstract ( 96 )   PDF   Save Related Articles | Metrics