Table of Content

25 April 2025, Volume 17 Issue 2 Previous Issue   

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Epidemic characteristics of thyroid cancer in Guangxi cancer registration areas in 2019 and trends analysis from 2012 to 2019 LU Jianling, WEI Chunhua, ZHOU Zihan, CAO Ji, LI Qiulin, TANG Xiaozhun, YU Hongping 2025, 17 (2):  133-138.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.02.01 Abstract ( 98 )   PDF   Save Objective To analyze the characteristics of the incidence and mortality of thyroid cancer in Guangxi cancer registration areas in 2019 and evaluate their trends from 2012 to 2019. Methods According to relevant quality control standards, the incidence and death data of thyroid cancer from 56 tumor registries meeting the quality control requirements in Guangxi from 2012 to 2019， and the crude incidence rate, crude mortality rate and standardized rate were calculated according to age, gender and region,  respectively.  The annual average percentage change (AAPC) was calculated by Joinpoint regression model to analyze the trends of thyroid cancer from 2012 to 2019. Results In 2019, Guangxi registries reported 2,282 new thyroid cancer cases, with age⁃standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard population (ASIRC) of 6.49/105, and reported 137 deaths, with age⁃standardized mortality rate by Chinese standard population (ASMRC) of 0.32/105. The ASIRC of thyroid cancer in females (10.36/105) was 3.6 times higher than in males (2.89/105), with slightly higher female ASMRC (0.38 /105 vs  0.25/105). Urban areas showed significantly higher ASIRC and ASMRC of thyroid cancer (9.45/105 and 0.39/105) than in rural areas (4.46/105 and 0.27/105).  The peak incidence and mortality rates were in the 50-59 and 70-79 age groups, respectively. From 2012 to 2019, the ASIRC of thyroid cancer in Guangxi showed an upward trend (AAPC=13.68%, P<0.001),  particularly in females, males, and urban populations (all P<0.05). However, there was no significant change in ASMRC (AAPC=-4.94%, P=0.116). Conclusions The incidence of thyroid cancer in Guangxi demonstrates an upward trend from 2012 to 2019, with higher rates observed in urban areas, females, and middle⁃aged and young populations, though the mortality rate remains relatively stable. Efforts should be enhanced to prevent and control thyroid cancer by conducting multi⁃dimensional health education and implementing targeted precision screening strategies.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Screening and follow-up results of the early diagnosis and treatment program for liver cancer: a data analysis based on Fusui County, Guangxi, 2011—2020 LYU Ruibo, AN Sanchun, LI Yunxi, ZHANG Chaojun, QIU Jie, CHEN Xiaomei, LUO Yunbo, DENG Wei, HUANG Tianren 2025, 17 (2):  139-144.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.02.02 Abstract ( 54 )   Save Objective To analyze the screening and follow⁃up outcomes of liver cancer early diagnosis and treatment program in Fusui County, Guangxi, from 2011 to 2020. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was employed to enroll the residents aged 35-64 years old for male and 45-64 years old for female， and other residents who were not within this age range but had cases of liver cancer in their immediate family members in Fusui County from 2011 to 2020 as the study subjects. High⁃risk populations of liver cancer were identified through questionnaires and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) testing. These individuals underwent combined screening via liver ultrasound and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) testing. The compliance of participating in the early diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer program was analyzed, as well as the detection rate, early diagnosis rate, treatment rate and prognosis of liver cancer. Results From 2011 to 2020, a total of 27, 613 high⁃risk groups were assessed in Fusui County, Guangxi, of which a total of 14, 012 people completed combined screening for liver cancer, with a screening participation rate of 50.74%; 120 liver cancer cases were found and diagnosed, with a detection rate of 0.86%. The detection rate of liver cancer in males was significantly higher than that in females (1.12% vs 0.51%, P<0.001). The detection rates of liver cancer in the age groups of 35-44 years old, 45-54 years old, and ≥55 years old were 0.67%, 0.92%, and 1.05%, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.169). Among the 120 cases of liver cancer , the early diagnosis and treatment rates were 60.83% (73/120) and 91.67% (110/120) respectively. Overall 1⁃, 3⁃, and 5⁃year survival rates were 66.67%, 33.33%, and 20.83%, respectively, while early⁃state liver cancer survival rates were 75.34%, 36.99%, and 24.66%, respectively. Conclusions The early diagnosis and treatment program in Fusui County can effectively identifies liver cancer cases, enables timely intervention, and prolongs survival through early diagnosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of survival characteristics in liver cancer inpatients: a 10-year follow-up cohort from a cancer hospital in Guangxi (2010—2020) LIANG Xiumei, CHEN Weiyi, ZHOU Zihan, MA Liang, WU Yun, LU Xiangning, XIANG Bangde, YU Hongping, LYU Hanbin 2025, 17 (2):  145-149.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.02.03 Abstract ( 51 )   PDF (484KB) ( 16 )   Save Objective To analyze survival status of liver cancer inpatients in a cancer hospital in Guangxi from 2010 to 2020. Methods Based on the hospital registration system, an active⁃passive follow⁃up was performed for liver cancer inpatients in a cancer hospital in Guangxi from January 2010 to December 2020, with follow⁃up ending on August 6, 2024. Kaplan⁃Meier survival analysis was used to calculate survival rates. Wilcoxon rank⁃sum was used to analyze survival differences by age, sex, Barcelona Clinical Liver Cancer (BCLC), and treatment periods. Results A total of 12, 177 liver cancer patients were included, with an average age of （60.03±11.79） years, and a higher proportion of males than females (86.19% vs 13.81%). The median overall survival was 14.53 months, with 1⁃, 3⁃, 5⁃, and 10⁃year survival rates of 52.25%, 34.20%, 28.11%, and 19.89%, respectively, the survival rate of male patients was lower than that of female patients at all timepoints (P<0.001). The survival curves differed statistically significant among age groups, with lower 5⁃year survival rates in the <40 (26.55%) and ≥80 (19.21%) age groups compared with the 40-79 age group (27.97%-28.48%). The 5⁃year survival rates of patients in BCLC stages A, B, C, and D were 69.56%, 42.95%, 15.72%, and 6.20%, respectively (P<0.001). The 1⁃, 3⁃, and 5⁃year survival rates for patients from 2010 to 2015 were 50.49%, 32.49%, and 26.41%, respectively, which improved to 53.72%, 35.60%, and 29.45% during 2016—2020, with statistically significant differences (P<0.001). Conclusions The long⁃term survival rates of liver cancer inpatients in Guangxi from 2016 to 2020 showed a significant upward trend, but remained at a relatively low level. Patients with young/old age, male, and advanced BCLC stages still face challenges in survival rates, and should be prioritized  focus. Comprehensive prevention and control measures for liver cancer should be further strengthened. Related Articles | Metrics

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Cultivation and gene editing of mouse oviductal epithelial organoids DU Yi, YUE Jing, CHEN Jingyao, ZHOU Shengtao 2025, 17 (2):  150-156.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.02.04 Abstract ( 48 )   PDF (1084KB) ( 20 )   Save Objective To establish oviductal epithelial organoids derived from Cas9⁃EGFP mice and perform gene editing. Methods Oviductal epithelial cells were isolated from Cas9⁃EGFP mice via enzymatic digestion and cultured in organoid⁃specific medium. The proliferation rates and size progression of organoids were monitored via continuous imaging. Cas9⁃EGFP expression was observed using fluorescence microscopy. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to confirm the origin of reproductive system and assess the expression of ciliated cell markers. Lentivirus carrying sgTrp53 was used to infect Cas9⁃EGFP mice oviductal epithelial organoids, with editing efficiency was validated by T7E1 assay. Results The abdominal cavity of mice was accessed through a midline incision, revealing coiled oviducts located between the uterine horns and ovaries. Oviductal epithelial organoids derived from Cas9⁃EGFP mice assembled into cystic structures by day 2 of culture, reaching diameters of 400 μm by day 7, with stable Cas9 protein expression. Immunofluorescence confirmed their origin from the female murine reproductive system, and expression of ciliated cell markers. Following lentiviral transduction with sgTrp53, Trp53 mRNA expression was significantly reduced in edited organoids compared to unedited controls (P=0.021). Conclusions Oviductal epithelial organoids are successfully established from Cas9⁃EGFP mice, and CRISPR⁃Cas9⁃mediated gene editing was achieved in this model system. Related Articles | Metrics

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Isolation,identification and anti-ovarian cancer activity of sophoranochromene and sophoradin SHAN Tiyan, LYU Sihui, CHEN Xi, LIANG Jinlan, YAN Bingxiong, SONG Zhijun, WANG Qi 2025, 17 (2):  156-163.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.02.05 Abstract ( 42 )   PDF (2700KB) ( 611 )   Save Objective To screen and identify  novel  anti⁃ovarian cancer active compounds from the traditional Chinese medicine sophora tonkinensis radix, and investigate their effects on apoptosis and autophagy of ovarian cancer cells. Methods Flavonoids components from sophora tonkinensis radix were systematically isolated by silica gel column chromatography and vacuum rotary evaporation techniques. The inhibitory activity of separated fractions on ovarian cancer cell growth was evaluated. High performance liquid chromatography⁃mass spectrometry (HPLC⁃MS) was employed to characterize and identify anti⁃cancer active monomers, while nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry were used for structural confirmation. The inhibitory effects of the sophoranochromene and sophoradin on six ovarian cancer cell lines（A2780， NIH: OVCAR3, SKOV3, Caov⁃3, Caov⁃4, ES⁃2） and normal ovarian epithelial cells IOSE80 were assessed using real⁃time cell analysis (RTCA) system. Network pharmacology and molecular docking were employed to predict interaction targets between the active monomers and ovarian cancer cells. Apoptosis was measured via flow cytometry, and Western blotting was performed to analyze the cleavage of apoptosis⁃related proteins (PARP, C⁃caspase⁃3) and the expression of autophagy markers (p62, LC3B). Results Sophoranochromene and sophoradin were identified as anti⁃ovarian cancer active monomers from the effective fraction SdgfF of sophora tonkinensis radix. RTCA system confirmed that the IC50 values of both monomers on A2780, NIH: OVCAR3, SKOV3, Caov⁃3, Caov⁃4 and ES⁃2 cells were lower than those for IOSE80 cells (all P<0.0001). Flow cytometry revealed significantly increased apoptosis rates in A2780 cells treated with either compound (all P<0.05). Ten core targets for sophoranochromene⁃ovarian cancer and 16 core targets for sophoradin⁃ovarian cancer were identified. Western blotting demonstrated elevated C⁃PARP expression in A2780 cells treated with sophoranochromene (P<0.05), while sophoradin treatment significantly reduced p62 and increased LC3B⁃I/II expression (P<0.05). Conclusions Sophoranochromene and sophoradin exert anti⁃ovarian cancer effects by inducing apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells, demonstrating potential as novel therapeutic agents for ovarian cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Mechanism and clinical significance of collagen crosslinking-mediated extracellular matrix remodeling in hepatocellular carcinoma dedifferentiation SUN Jiamin , ZHANG Shiyi, LIAO Xiwen, ZHONG Jianhong, WANG Qiuyan , TAO Yuting 2025, 17 (2):  164-171.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.02.06 Abstract ( 50 )   PDF (5091KB) ( 29 )   Save Objective To investigate the effects of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling on the prognostic of in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and explore its potential molecular mechanisms. Methods Tissue specimens and clinical data from 116 HCC patients who underwent hepatectomy in Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital from 2018 to 2019 were included. Non⁃negative matrix factorization (NMF) was performed for molecular subtyping. Bulk RNA sequencing (bulk RNA⁃seq) data analyzed to investigate the clinical significance and molecular characteristics of the patients with different molecular subtyping. Imaging mass cytometry (IMC) was employed to analyze the collagen cross⁃linking status and tumor proteomic profiles. Single⁃cell transcriptome sequencing (scRNA⁃seq) data from 10 cases of HCC were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and the differentiation trajectory and state of tumor cells were analyzed using the Monocle2 algorithm in conjunction with the CytoTRACE method. Results HCC patients were successfully stratified into 2 subtypes: S1 (n=25) and S2 (n=91). Compared with S2,  S1 subtype patients demonstrated poorer prognosis, with higher alpha⁃fetoprotein levels (AFP, P<0.001), advanced Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage (P=0.040), and increased microvascular invasion (MVI) incidence (P=0.010). Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant ECM remodeling and collagen signaling activation in S1 HCC. S1 HCC subtype exhibited significantly higher proportions of Type2 and Type3 collagen crosslinking patterns （P<0.001）, and enhanced mechanotransduction pathway activity. S1 HCC tissues displayed decreased expression of hepatocyte markers but increased stem cell and cholangiocyte markers, indicating a dedifferentiation state. These tumors also showed aggressive phenotypes characterized by E⁃cadherin downregulation and vimentin upregulation (all P<0.001). High expression of key regulators of the YAP and Hippo signaling pathways were significantly associated with poor prognosis of patients. Conclusions The S1 HCC subtype demonstrates poor prognosis, characterized by excessive collagen crosslinking and increased matrix stiffness, which facilitates tumor cell dedifferentiation by activating the YAP signaling pathway. Related Articles | Metrics

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FAM50A  gene  knockdown suppresses malignant biological behaviors of colorectal cancer cells via the Caspase-3/PARP-mediated apoptotic signaling MENG Jing, ZHANG Dongdong, HAN Xi, QU Xueying, SONG Hanjun, ZHANG Pengxia 2025, 17 (2):  172-180.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.02.06 Abstract ( 18 )   PDF (1923KB) ( 297 )   Save Objective To investigate the effects of family with sequence similarity 50 member A (FAM50A) on the proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and explore its molecular regulatory mechanisms. Methods The expression characteristics and clinical relevance of FAM50A in pan⁃cancer and CRC were analyzed through using TCGA and GTEx databases. The expression of FAM50A protein in 5 pairs of  CRC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were performed by Western blot, as well as in five CRC cell lines (LOVO, RKO, HCT116, SK⁃CO⁃1, SNU175). Stable FAM50A⁃knockdown HCT116 and RKO cell lines were established. The effects on cellular proliferation, migration, and tumorigenesis ability in vivo were assessed through CCK⁃8 assays, Transwell assays, wound healing experiments, and a nude mouse xenograft model. Apoptosis rates and cell cycle were detected via flow cytometry, while the changes in apoptosis⁃related protein expression detected by Western blot. Results Bioinformatics analysis indicated that FAM50A was highly expressed in 16 cancer types, including lung adenocarcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma (all P<0.05). FAM50A mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in CRC tissues than in normal tissues (P<0.001), with high expression correlated with poorer prognosis. FAM50A expression was markedly increased in colorectal adenocarcinoma patients compared with mucinous adenocarcinoma patients (P<0.001). Clinical sample analysis also showed that FAM50A protein expression levels were significantly higher in CRC tissues than in adjacent normal tissues (P<0.001). Functional experiments revealed that FAM50A knockdown suppressed proliferation, migration, and xenograft tumor growth in HCT116 and RKO cells (all P<0.01) and significantly induced apoptosis (all P<0.001). The Western blot results showed that FAM50A knockdown significantly up⁃regulated the expression levels of c⁃Caspase 3, c⁃Caspase 8, c⁃Caspase 9, and c⁃PARP (all P<0.05). Conclusions FAM50A is overexpressed in CRC and associated with poor prognosis. Targeted FAM50A knockdown inhibits CRC cell proliferation and migration by activating the Caspase 3/PARP apoptotic pathway, suggesting its  potential as a therapeutic target for CRC. Related Articles | Metrics

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FAM50A  gene  knockdown suppresses malignant biological behaviors of colorectal cancer cells via the Caspase-3/PARP-mediated apoptotic signaling LI Yongfeng, WAN Fengjie, WEN Sha, YANG Lichao, OU Meizhen, LIAO Zhouxiang, WU 2025, 17 (2):  180-187.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.02.07 Abstract ( 45 )   PDF (3959KB) ( 7 )   Save Objective To explore the expression characteristics of retinol⁃binding protein 4 (RBP4) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver fibrosis (LF), as well as its clinical significance. Methods The TCGA database was used to analyze the expression level of RBP4 in HCC and its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis. Multi⁃response monitoring (MRM) mass spectrometry was used to quantify the serum RBP4 protein expression in 24 HCC patients, 10 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, 10 LF patients and 13 healthy control (HC) population. A high⁃purity anti⁃RBP4 monoclonal antibody was prepared by hybridoma, and the protein expression level of RBP4 protein in the liver tissues of 11 HCC patients was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC).  Results The results of TCGA dataset analysis showed that the expression levels of RBP4 protein level in HCC tissues were significantly reduced compared to normal liver tissues (P<0.0001). RBP4 expression correlated with the stage, pathological grade and ethnicity (all P<0.05). The prognosis of HCC patients with high RBP4 expression was significantly better than that of patients with low RBP4 expression (all P<0.05). The results of serum MRM mass spectrometry showed that serum RBP4 protein level in HCC and LF groups were significantly lower than those in the HC and CHB groups (all P<0.001). The high⁃purity anti⁃RBP4 monoclonal antibody was prepared with a titer of 1∶729 000 and could specifically recognize RBP4 protein. The results of IHC showed that the expression levels of RBP4 in HCC tissues and LF tissues were significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues (all P<0.0001), in LF tissues were significantly lower than that in HCC tissues (P<0.05). Conclusions Compared with normal tissues, RBP4 is downregulated in HCC and LF tissues, and is associated with poor prognosis and fibrotic progression.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Alterations of HSP90AB1 expression in ovarian cancer during cisplatin resistance and its clinical significance LIANG Huiting, BI Shiwen, LIU Ben, LU Tingting, WANG Qi, SHI Lijun 2025, 17 (2):  188-195.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.02.09 Abstract ( 41 )   PDF (2546KB) ( 7 )   Save Objective To investigate the effects of heat shock protein 90 kDa alpha, class B, member 1 (HSP90AB1) on the prognosis and cisplatin resistance of ovarian cancer patients. Methods Time⁃series analysis was used to analyze the changes in mRNA, miRNA, and protein levels during cisplatin resistance development in the subcutaneous nude mice xenograft tumor model to identify the potential key resistance gene HSP90AB1.Western blot was performed to detect changes in HSP90AB1 expression in xenograft tissues. Clinical prognostic data from 210 ovarian cancer patients in the TCGA database were analysed to assess the association between HSP90AB1 expression and cisplatin resistance. RNA interference was employed to knockdown HSP90AB1 expression in SKOV3 cells. The half⁃maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of cisplatin was calculated using the CCK⁃8 assay, and apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. Results A total of 14 upregulated and 32 downregulated genes and proteins were screened and exhibited targeting relationships with miRNAs. By protein⁃protein interaction (PPI) analysis, the core gene HSP90AB1 of the highest⁃scoring cluster was selected for further analysis. Western blot confirmed that the expression of HSP90AB1 gradually decreased in xenograft tumors during cisplatin resistance. TCGA data analysis showed that patients with low HSP90AB1 expression had significantly shorter platinum⁃free interval (PFI) and overall survival (OS) compared to those with high expression（PPFI=0.041, POS=0.013）. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that low HSP90AB1 expression was associated with energy metabolism, cell adhesion, homologous recombination, and platinum drug resistance. Stable knockdown of HSP90AB1 gene in SKOV3 cells increased cisplatin resistance (P<0.001), with a resistance index of 1.4. Conclusions Low HSP90AB1 expression is associated with poor prognosis in ovarian cancer patients. Down⁃regulation of HSP90AB1 promotes platinum resistance in ovarian cancer cells, HSP90AB1 may be a critical regulatory gene in cisplatin resistance.   Related Articles | Metrics

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CRS combined with HIPEC for peritoneal metastasis in colorectal cancer: correlation between primary tumor location and clinical outcomes WANG Shenghui, ZHANG Zongnai , JIA Zhichao, ZHENG Bin, LI Xiaoyu , GAO Yuan , ZHOU Mai 2025, 17 (2):  195-200.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.02.10 Abstract ( 54 )   PDF (429KB) ( 5 )   Save Objective To investigate the effect of primary tumor location on perioperative complications and long⁃term prognosis in colorectal cancer patients with peritoneal metastasis (PM) undergoing cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Methods Baseline data, clinicopathological characteristics, perioperative data, and prognosis were retrospectively collected from patients with colorectal cancer PM treated CRS combined with HIPEC at the Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College between June 2017 and December 2022. Kaplan⁃Meier method was used to draw the survival curve, and Log⁃rank was used to compare the survival differences between groups. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of overall survival (OS) in patients with colorectal cancer PM treated with CRS combined with HIPEC. Results A total of 142 patients were enrolled, with 104 in the colon cancer group and 38 in the rectal cancer group. Compared with colon cancer PM patients, rectal cancer PM patients demonstrated higher incidence of grade 3-4 complications (19.2% vs 36.8%, P=0.029), and worse 3⁃year OS (47.9% vs 22.7%, P=0.003) after CRS+HIPEC. The location of the primary tumor in the rectum (HR=2.07, 95%CI: 1.07-4.42, P=0.042) and CC score of 2-3 (HR=2.31, 95%CI: 1.04-5.22, P=0.038) were the independent prognostic factors of reduced OS in colorectal cancer PM patients after CRS+HIPEC. Conclusions Rectal cancer PM patients demonstrate increased susceptibility to grade 3-4 complications and inferior survival outcomes compared to colon cancer PM patients after CRS+HIPEC, and the survival outcome is not ideal. Related Articles | Metrics

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Survey on awareness rate of core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment and its influencing factors: a population-based data analysis in Heilongjiang Province,China ZHAO Min, ZHANG Maoxiang, SUN Huixin, WANG Wanying, JIA Haihan, SONG Bingbing 2025, 17 (2):  201-206.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.02.11 Abstract ( 32 )   PDF (401KB) ( 7 )   Save Objective To investigate the awareness rate of core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment in Heilongjiang Province and analyze it influencing factors, so as to provide the evidence for targeted cancer prevention and control, as well as knowledge publicity and education. Methods A household survey was conducted among residents aged 15-69 years in Heilongjiang Province using the Questionnaire of Awareness rate of core knowledge of cancer prevention and control compiled by the National Cancer Center, with participants selected through a cluster sampling method of multi⁃stage and population⁃proportionate stratified. The correlation factors of awareness rate were analyzed by log⁃binomial regression. Results A total of 16，598 effective questionnaires were collected, with an awareness rate of 70.08% for the core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment. The results of log⁃binomial regression analysis showed significantly higher awareness rate among female, age 45-59 years old, education level of junior high school or above, annual income of more than 40,000 yuan, family history of cancer, good or average health status, never smoking and urban survey site type (all P<0.05). Conclusions The awareness rate of core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment in Heilongjiang Province is medium, which may be affected by gender, age, education level, annual income, family history of cancer, health status, smoking status and survey site type. It is suggested to strengthen the publicity and health education of cancer prevention and treatment for people with low awareness rate. Related Articles | Metrics

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Best evidence of preoperative nutritional intervention in neoadjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer patients SUN Ting, LIU Jiahuan, CAI Lina, ZHENG Hengyu, YE Xianghong 2025, 17 (2):  207.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.02.12 Abstract ( 40 )   PDF (466KB) ( 14 )   Save Objective To retrieve, synthesize and evaluate the evidence on preoperative nutritional intervention for gastric cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), and to provide an evidence⁃based foundation for clinical practice. Methods Following the "6S" evidence resource model, systematic searches were conducted in the databases or websites including BMJ Best Practice, UpToDate, the Guidelines International Network （GIN）, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network （SIGN）, European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN), American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN), Chinese Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (CSPEN), Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO),   PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid, Medline, Cochrane Library, JBI Library,  China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database for Chinese/English literature on nutritional management in gastric cancer NACT patients. Literature types included clinical decision⁃making, guidelines, expert consensuses, systematic reviews, Meta⁃analyses, evidence summaries, and randomized controlled trials with a search timeframe from database inception to May 2024. Two researchers independently performed literature screening and quality assessment. After consulting evidence⁃based nursing experts, evidence extraction and synthesis were conducted for qualified studies. Results A total of 20 articles were included: 2 clinical decisions, 9 guidelines, 3 expert consensuses, 4 systematic reviews, and 2 randomized controlled trials. Evidence was synthesized into 27 recommendations across 5 themes: multidisciplinary collaboration, comprehensive nutrition assessment, nutritional interventions strategies, chemotherapy gastrointestinal symptom management, nutrition education and monitoring. Conclusions This study synthesizes 27 pieces of best evidence on preoperative nutritional intervention for gastric cancer NACT patient across 5 domains, demonstrating strong practicability and scientific rigor. These findings provide actionable guidance for personalized nutritional management in clinical settings. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advance in treatment of recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma ZHONG Limei, JIN Feng 2025, 17 (2):  215-222.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.02.13 Abstract ( 48 )   PDF (419KB) ( 14 )   Save Recurrence and metastasis are the main causes of death in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, with poor prognosis for patients and significant individual variations, necessitating improvement in overall survival. In recent years, extensive research on the treatment of recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma(R/M NPC), with notable advancements in immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and radiotherapy, providing patients more reasonable and effective treatment options. This review summarizes current progress on immunotherapy, targeted therapy, their combination, and radiotherapy for patients with R/M NPC. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in universal CAR-T cell therapy for hematologic malignancies: strategies to overcome GvHD/HvG TIAN Shengyu, LU Weixiang, LIANG Xiaojie, WANG Liang 2025, 17 (2):  223-229.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.02.14 Abstract ( 43 )   PDF (424KB) ( 11 )   Save Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)⁃T cell therapy has demonstrated remarkable success in the treatment of hematologic malignancies. However, currently approved CAR⁃T products are predominantly autologous, which face limitations including lengthy manufacturing processes, high costs, and the variability of product quality, restricting their broad clinical application. Universal CAR⁃T (UCAR⁃T) therapy, developed from healthy donor⁃derived T cells, through ex vivo modification and expansion, offer an "off⁃the⁃shelf" product that enable on⁃demand treatment, thereby overcoming the constraints of autologous CAR⁃T. Nevertheless, UCAR⁃T therapy remain challenged at complications including graft⁃versus⁃host disease (GvHD) and host⁃versus⁃graft reaction (HvG). This review summarizes recent progress on strategies to mitigate GvHD and HvG in UCAR⁃T therapy, including gene editing, non⁃gene⁃editing technologies, and optimal cell source selection. Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploring the mechanisms of gastric cancer development and therapeutic strategies from an evolutionary perspective WU Xinyu , DAI Hanjue , JIANG Hua 2025, 17 (2):  230-236.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.02.15 Abstract ( 41 )   PDF (492KB) ( 8 )   Save Intratumoral clonal heterogeneity and tumor evolution have been substantiated in multiple cancer types. Gastric cancer development involves a complex process of multistage evolution and multifactorial interactions, including driver mutations and clonal evolution. Given the high mortality rate and therapeutic challenges of gastric cancer in China, this article systematically reviews the mechanisms of gastric cancer development from an evolutionary perspective, as well as advances in therapeutic research based on evolutionary theory. The paper also explores the application prospects of dynamic tumor cell evolution in clinical personalized treatment, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation for the precision therapy in gastric cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research advances in the pathogenesis of cancer-related sarcopenia LI Liulin, LIU Hui , WANG Xiao, DENG Wanli 2025, 17 (2):  237-243.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.02.16 Abstract ( 45 )   PDF (517KB) ( 11 )   Save Sarcopenia demonstrates high prevalence in patients with malignancies, being not only closely associated with tumorigenesis and progression but also significantly impacting therapeutic efficacy and clinical outcomes, emerging as a critical issue requiring urgent resolution in oncology research. This review aims to summarize the detrimental effects of cancer⁃related sarcopenia on patients and elucidate the underlying mechanisms, thereby providing a strategic guidance for advancing fundamental research and refining precision intervention approaches in this field. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of hypofractionated radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma DENG Yue, ZHAO Yue, ZHANG Shichuan 2025, 17 (2):  244-250.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.02.17 Abstract ( 39 )   PDF (416KB) ( 5 )   Save Head and neck cancer ranks as the eighth most common cancer globally, with over 90% histologically classified as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In recent years, with the rapid advancement of immunotherapy, the combination of radiotherapy and immunotherapy has emerged as a prominent research focus in the treatment of HNSCC. Compared with conventional fractionation radiotherapy, hypofractionated radiotherapy demonstrates superior efficacy in triggering antitumor immune responses. Additionally, the combination of hypofractionated radiotherapy and immunotherapy has shown favorable clinical outcomes with acceptable safety profiles in recurrent/metastatic HNSCC. In the neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced HNSCC, it also shows significant tumor reduction and down⁃staging effects. This review summarizes recent advances on hypofractionated radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy for HNSCC, aiming to provide novel insights for the treatment of HNSCC. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research advances in the application of stereotactic body radiation therapy for oligometastatic and oligoprogressive renal cell carcinoma ZHU Junming, DENG Hongbin, CAO Xinyi 2025, 17 (2):  250-256.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.02.18 Abstract ( 38 )   PDF (435KB) ( 7 )   Save Renal cell carcinoma （RCC） is one of the most common malignant tumors of the urinary system, with metastatic dissemination occurring  at substantial frequencies.  This malignancy demonstrates limited sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs and conventional radiotherapy, and the current treatment for advanced⁃stage RCC primarily relies on targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Emerging evidence indicates that RCC does not show strong resistance to hypofractionated radiotherapy, as evidenced by significantly diminished tumor cell viability when single⁃fraction doses escalate to 6 Gy. In recent years, stereotactic body radiation therapy has been widely used in the local disease control for advanced RCC, capitalizing on to its characteristics of ablative fractional dose, high precision, and non⁃invasiveness, demonstrates an excellent local tumor control rate of the lesion with acceptable reaction. This article reviews the progress in the application of stereotactic body radiation therapy in oligometastatic and oligoprogressive  RCC. Related Articles | Metrics