胃癌,RNA可变剪接,剪接因子,遗传变异,生物标志物 ," /> 胃癌,RNA可变剪接,剪接因子,遗传变异,生物标志物 ,"/> RNA可变剪接在胃癌研究中的进展

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中国癌症防治杂志

中国癌症防治杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (3): 312-319.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2025.03.08

• 其他消化系统肿瘤专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

RNA可变剪接在胃癌研究中的进展

  

  1. 复旦大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室，公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室；粤港澳大湾区精准医学研究院（广州）肿瘤防治研究所；广州医科大学附属第一医院急诊科；复旦大学义乌研究院
  • 出版日期:2025-06-25 发布日期:2025-07-10
  • 通讯作者: 魏庆义 E-mail:weiqingyi@ipm?gba.org.cn；刘宏亮 E-mail:liuhongliang@ipm?gba.org.cn

Research advances in RNA alternative splicing in gastric cancer

  • Online:2025-06-25 Published:2025-07-10

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摘要： 胃癌疾病负担沉重，是全球最大的公共卫生挑战之一。RNA可变剪接（alternative splicing,AS）是基因表达调控中的重要机制，广泛存在于高等真核生物中。在前体mRNA转化为成熟mRNA的过程中，通过不同的剪接方式，同一基因能够产生多个剪接异构体，从而增加转录组和蛋白质组的多样性与复杂性，以满足机体多样化的生理需求。RNA⁃AS失调已被证实与几乎所有的肿瘤类型相关，其直接或间接参与调节胃癌发生、发展、耐药及预后。此外，与RNA⁃AS相关的遗传变异在胃癌中同样具有关键意义。本文系统综述了关于RNA⁃AS的调控机制、失调及其相关遗传变异对胃癌影响的研究进展，旨在为RNA⁃AS相关研究的进一步拓展，以及胃癌的精准医疗策略提供新的理论依据和研究视角。

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Abstract: Gastric cancer is a significant global public health challenge, causing a substantial disease burden. RNA alternative splicing（AS） is a critical gene expression regulation mechanism prevalent in higher eukaryotes. Through differential splicing patterns during the conversion of precursor mRNA to mature mRNA, a single gene can produce multiple splicing isoforms, thereby increasing the diversity and complexity of both transcriptomes and proteomes to meet the diverse physiological needs of an organism. RNA⁃AS dysregulation has been found to be associated with nearly all tumor types, contributing directly or indirectly to gastric cancer initiation, progression, drug resistance, and prognosis. Additionally, RNA⁃AS⁃related genetic variations play a crucial role in gastric cancer. This article systematically reviews research advances in the regulatory mechanisms of RNA⁃AS, as well as the impact of its dysregulation and related genetic variantions on gastric cancer, aiming to provide novel theoretical foundation and research perspectives for both RNA⁃AS⁃related further investigations and precision medicine strategies of gastric cancer.

Key words: Gastric cancer, RNA?alternative splicing, Splicing factor, Genetic variation, Biomarker

中图分类号: 

  • R735.2