Table of Content

25 April 2017, Volume 9 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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The changing face of clinical research in an era when big data meet precision medicine Qiu Xiaoqiang 2017, 9 (2):  85-89.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2017.02.01 Abstract ( 223 )   PDF (500KB) ( 607 )   Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Challenges in screening for early detection of cancer Chen shiyao,Du Xuanling,Wei Yichao 2017, 9 (2):  90-93.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2017.02.02 Abstract ( 311 )   PDF (545KB) ( 650 )   Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in screening for early detection of colorectal cancer Chen Kun,Huang Qiuchi 2017, 9 (2):  94-99.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2017.02.03 Abstract ( 231 )   PDF (539KB) ( 724 )   Save Related Articles | Metrics

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A brief discussion on real world research Kang Deying 2017, 9 (2):  100-103.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2017.02.04 Abstract ( 294 )   PDF (479KB) ( 547 )   Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Nasopharyngeal cancer incidence and mortality in Guangxi in 2013 Rong Minhua,Li Qiulin,Cao Ji,Pan Linghui,Yu Jiahua,Ge Lianying 2017, 9 (2):  104-110.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2017.02.05 Abstract ( 312 )   PDF (550KB) ( 709 )   Save Objective To estimate incidence of nasopharyngeal cancer （NPC） and related mortality in 2013 based on analysis of selected population-based cancer registries in Guangxi. Methods Methods and data quality control criteria recommended by the National Central Cancer Registry were used to evaluate cancer data from 2013 from 8 population-based cancer registries in Guangxi，and data from 6 registries meeting quality criteria were included in the analysis. These data were stratified by rural/urban area，gender，age and region to estimate（NPC） incidence and mortality. Segi population data and the national census population in 2000 were used to calculate age-standardized rates. Results Data from the 2 urban areas and 4 rural areas covered a population of 5，196，871 （1，933，143 in urban areas，3，263，728 in rural areas）. Of all reported cases of NPC，66.72% were morphology-verified，while 1.40% were identified through death certificate only（DCO%）. The mortality to incidence ratio（M/I ratio） was 0.47. In 2013，643 new cases of NPC were reported，and 303 NPC-related deaths were recorded. The following incidences were calculated： crude，12.37/10　5 （male 16.96/10　5，female 7.41/10　5）； cumulative （0-74 years old），1.13%；age-standardized by Chinese standard population （ASR China），11.16/10　5；and age-standardized by world standard population （ASR world），10.49/10　5. Cancer incidence and ASR China were 4.09/10　5 and 3.35/10　5 in urban areas； the corresponding values in rural areas were 6.86/10　5 and 6.39/10　5. Conclusions Incidence of NPC and NPC-related mortality in Guangxi in 2013 were higher than the national averages. Incidence and mortality varied significantly with rural/urban area，gender，age and region. Nasopharyngeal cancer incidence increases rapidly beyond 30 years of age，and incidence and mortality are higher among males than females，higher in rural than urban areas and higher in eastern regions than in southern or north central regions. Efforts at NPC prevention and control are strongly needed in Guangxi，and these efforts should target men over 30 in particular. Related Articles | Metrics

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Role of the mTOR signaling pathway in the ability of 17-DMAG to overcome acquired resistance to alectinib in the H3122 lung cancer cell line positive for the EML4-ALK fusion gene Liang Liudan,Li Yani,Song Xiangqun,Zhou Shaozhang 2017, 9 (2):  111-118.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2017.02.06 Abstract ( 401 )   PDF (2917KB) ( 679 )   Save Objective  To explore how mTOR signaling may help 17-DMAG overcome acquired resistance to alectinib in H3122 lung cancer cells positive for the EML4-ALK fusion gene. Methods H3122 cells were induced to become resistant to alectinib by adding transforming growth factor alpha（TGF-α） or epidermal growth factor （EGF） at 100 ng/ml，then the ability of 17-DMAG to overcome this resistance was checked after 72 h using the CCK-8 assay and AnnexinⅤ-PE apoptosis assay. Western blotting was used to detect expression of ALK，EGFR and phosphorylated protein，as well as determine the expression and activation levels of key proteins in the mTOR signaling pathway. Results Alectinib inhibited the viability of H3122 cells over 72 h in a dose-dependent manner （IC50=0.042 μmol/L）. After treatment with TGF-α or EGF，the cells were resistant to alectinib （IC50>10 μmol/L），and 17-DMAG reduced their viability in a dose-dependent manner （IC50=0.245 μmol/L），even in the presence of TGF-α（IC50=0.251 μmol/L） or EGF（IC50=0.301 μmol/L）. The apoptosis rate of H3122 cells was （30.01±0.92）% after treatment with 0.05 μmol/L alectinib for 72 h，which was significantly higher than the rate of （6.36±0.14）% after the combination of alectinib and TGF-α，and （6.13±0.21）% after the combination of alectinib and EGF（both P<0.001）. Apoptosis rate was similar after 72　h treatment with 0.03 μmol/L 17-DMAG alone （28.37±1.75）% or with 17-DMAG combined with TGF-α （26.69±1.2）% or EGF （26.62±0.72）% （P>0.05）. Alectinib inhibited p-ALK and p-mTOR，as well as activation of key proteins up-and downstream of the mTOR pathway. EGF significantly increased expression of p-EGFR，p-mTOR and activation of key proteins up-and downstream of the mTOR pathway in cells. Although alectinib inhibited p-ALK，it did not inhibit EGF-induced up-regulation of p-mTOR or activation of key proteins up-and downstream in the mTOR pathway. 17-DMAG inhibited expression of ALK，EGFR，mTOR and their activated forms，regardless of whether EGF was present or absent. Conclusions It is possible to activate signaling pathways that bypass acquired resistance to alectinib in H3122 lung cancer cells positive for the EML4-ALK fusion gene. In the case of 17-DMAG，this bypass involves the mTOR signaling pathway. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of CXCR4，PI3K and AKT in MDA-MB?-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells Song Yanyan,Gou Wenbin,Zhang Wei 2017, 9 (2):  119-123.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674?鄄5671.2017.02.07 Abstract ( 182 )   PDF (989KB) ( 419 )   Save Objective To explore the expression of CXC chemokine receptor-4 （CXCR4），phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K） and AKT in the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Methods MDA-MB-231 cells were transfected with pcDNA3.1 encoding CXCR4 or treated with siRNA against CXCR4. qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect mRNA and protein expression of CXCR4，PI3K and AKT. Results Transfecting cells with pcDNA3.1-CXCR4 increased mRNA and protein levels of CXCR4，PI3K and AKT （P＜0.05）；siRNA-mediated silencing of CXCR4 reduced mRNA and protein levels of CXCR4，PI3K and AKT（P<0.05）. Conclusion CXCR4 expression may regulate the expression of PI3K and AKT in triple-negative breast cancer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Sirt1-overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells induce immunopotentiation to inhibit prostate tumor growth in mice Guo Wei,Lin Rui,Zhang Hongxiang,Zhang Qingyun,Han Zhipeng,Zong Chen,Li Rong,Zhao Qiudong,Zhao Xue,Zhou Yang,Cheng Jiwen 2017, 9 (2):  124-128.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2017.02.08 Abstract ( 219 )   PDF (650KB) ( 290 )   Save Objective To explore changes in prostate cancer tumor growth following treatment with mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） modified with Ad*Sirt1，and to analyze the possible mechanism. Methods MSCs modified with Ad-Sirt1（MSCs-Sirt1） or with Ad-GFP （MSCs-GFP） and then mixed with RM-l cells from C57BL/6 mice were subcutaneously administered into the armpit area of C57BL/6 mice in order to establish a tumor-bearing mouse model and detect tumor growth. Natural killer（NK） cells were detected in the tumor regions of the mice. Results All mice survived until they were sacrificed on day 10 after subcutaneous injection. There was no tumor formation when MSCs were injected alone，while tumor incidence was 100% for other groups. In a tumor-bearing mouse model，the relative tumor weight of prostate cancer cells pretreated with MSCs-Sirt1，MSCs-GFP or MSCs was，respectively，（0.71±0.04），（1.58±0.05） and（1.51±0.06） g. These weights were significantly different from that in the control group （1.10±0.05 g，P<0.05）. Levels of NK cells in tumor regions were dramatically higher in mice treated with MSCs-Sirt1 and RM-1 than in control mice or mice treated with MSCs-GFP or MSCs（P<0.05）. Conclusions MSCs modified with Ad-Sirt1 can effectively inhibit prostate cancer cell growth. The reason may be that NK cells accumulate in the inflammatory tumor microenvironment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of a stable breast cancer cell line for lentivirus-mediated RNA interference to silence PARP-1 Mo Qiyan,Chen Long,Li Ling,Qu Song,Li Jianxu,Lin Huan,Wu Jiangbo,Zhu Xiaodong,Zhao Wei 2017, 9 (2):  129-133.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2017.02.09 Abstract ( 224 )   PDF (722KB) ( 329 )   Save Objective To construct a PARP-1 lentivirus interference vector and establish a stably infected human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line. Methods According to genetic information of PARP-1 cDNA sequence provided by GenBank，a targeted PARP-1 lentiviral vector was constructed. Both the lentiviral vector and virus packaging plasmids were transfected into 293T cells to produce recombinant lentivirus，which was infected into the human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line（PARP-1 group）. Negative control and blank control groups were also prepared. The mRNA and protein expression of PARP-1 was measured using real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot. Results PARP-1-RNAi lentiviral vector was constructed and infected into MDA-MB-231 cells. The mRNA expression levels of PARP-1 in blank control group，negative control group and PARP-1 group were，respectively，1.001±0.056，1.022±0.021 and 0.166±0.041； the relative expression levels of PARP-1 protein were 0.963±0.006，0.943±0.008 and 0.573±0.011. Compared with the blank control group and negative control group，the expression of PARP-1 mRNA and protein was significantly lower in the PARP-1 group（P<0.05）. Conclusion A breast cancer cell line stably expressing low levels of PARP-1 has been established. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of next-generation sequencing and clone-based sequencing for analysis of X gene mutation sites in hepatitis B virus quasispecies Ren Jingjing,Deng Wei,Fang Xiang,Xiao Chanchan,Wu Hanghang 2017, 9 (2):  133-138.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2017.02.10 Abstract ( 288 )   PDF (502KB) ( 410 )   Save Objective To compare the sensitivity and accuracy of next-generation sequencing （NGS） and clone-based sequencing （CBS） for detection of X gene mutation sites in hepatitis B virus （HBV） quasispecies. Methods  Two individuals，one with hepatocellular carcinoma and one without it，were selected from a prospective cohort of high-risk individuals in Guangxi，China. Peripheral blood samples （5 mL） were collected every six months before diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma，giving a total of 12 samples. HBV DNA was extracted from serum，the HBV X gene was amplified using nested PCR，and PCR products were sequenced using NGS or CBS. Results NGS detected 40 mutation sites and 1 insertion in the X gene，while CBS detected 41 mutation sites and 1 insertion；29 mutation sites were detected by both NGS and CBS，11 sites only by NGS and 12 sites only by CBS. Mutations identified by either technique varied as hepatocellular carcinoma progressed. Conclusions NGS and CBS showed similar ability to discover mutation sites，though CBS was better at detecting fragment insertions and deletions. The choice of sequencing method will depend on research purposes. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression and clinical significance of angiopoietin-1 mRNA in lung adenocarcinoma Zhao Yifan,Xiao Chunyang,Xian Lei 2017, 9 (2):  139-142.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2017.02.11 Abstract ( 413 )   PDF (618KB) ( 330 )   Save Objective To observe changes in angiopoietin-1（ANGPT1） expression in lung adenocarcinoma and investigate the potential clinical significance. Methods A total of 51 cancer tissue samples and adjacent normal tissues were collected from lung adenocarcinoma patients；in addition，11 non-cancer normal tissues were collected. Relative levels of ANGPT1 mRNA were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR，and possible relationships between ANGPT1 mRNA and clinicopathology were explored. Results Relative levels of ANGPT1 mRNA were 0.068±0.044 in lung adenocarcinoma tissue，0.696±0.157 in adjacent normal tissue，and 1.158±0.332 in non-cancer normal tissue（F=114.34，P<0.05）. Levels of ANGPT1 mRNA in lung adenocarcinoma tissues were not related to gender，age，or degree of differentiation（P>0.05），but they were related to TNM stage and lymphatic metastasis（P<0.05）. Conclusion ANGPT1 expression is reduced in lung adenocarcinoma，which may be involved in disease onset and development. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preliminary study of recombinant human endostatin (Endostar) combined with concurrent intensity-modulated radiation therapy for inoperable local advanced non-small cell lung cancer in elderly patients Chen Qun,Shi Qin,Xie Qiang 2017, 9 (2):  142-145.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2017.02.12 Abstract ( 168 )   Save Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of recombinant human endostatin（Endostar） combined with concurrent intensity-modulated radiation therapy （IMRT） for inoperable local advanced non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） in elderly patients. Methods A total of 40 elderly patients with inoperable local advanced NSCLC confirmed by pathology were randomly divided into a control group and trial group，each with 20 cases. Patients in the trial group received IMRT，and the dosage for primary tumor and mediastinal lymph node metastasis was DT 60-66 Gy，30-33 measurement unit for 6-7 weeks；in addition，these patients concurrently received 15 mg Endostar by intravenous drip once per day for 14 days. Control patients received IMRT alone，using the same method and dosage as in the trial group. Efficacy and survival were compared between the two patient groups. Results The trial and control groups showed no significant difference between ORR （75.0% vs 80.0%，P=0.326），DCR（100% vs 90.0%，P=0.031），mPFS （9.4 vs 6.8 months，P=0.286） or mOS （17.5 vs 14.1 months，P=0.052）. The two groups experienced similar major toxic effects，most of which were G1/2. Conclusion Endostar combined with concurrent IMRT showed a tendency toward longer median survival than IMRT alone for treating inoperable local advanced NSCLC in elderly patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation of microvessel density with tissue perfusion parameters determined using 4-dimensional dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in primary liver cancer Kong Yuan,Li Wenmei,Long Liling,Peng Peng,Zhang Ling,Lei Yiwu 2017, 9 (2):  146-148.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2017.02.13 Abstract ( 145 )   PDF (336KB) ( 567 )   Save Objective To study the value of 4-dimensional dynamic contrast-enhanced（T4D-DCE） MRI for evaluating microvessel density in primary liver cancer. Methods T4D-DCE MRI was used to examine 51 patients. The following perfusion parameters were compared between lesion tissue and normal liver tissue as a reference：transfer constant，Ktrans；volume of extravascular extracellular space per unit volume of tissue，Ve；and the rate constant，Kep. The ratios of parameter values between lesion and reference tissue were calculated，and compared with pathology results. Results The perfusion parameters were showed no correlation with pathological grades. Lesion Ktrans correlated positively with microvessel density （r=0.533，P＜0.001），as did the Ktrans ratio（r=0.791，P＜0.001） and the Kep ratio（r=0.717，P＜0.001）. Conclusion T4D-DCE MRI can measure blood perfusion in primary liver cancer and may be a useful tool for diagnosis and assessment of microcirculation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical effects by transurethral resection with bladder instillation of drug in the treatment of cystitis glandularis Xie Jindong,Chen Lieqian,Yue Weiwei,Huang Rui,Lai Nilin,Chen Jingyu 2017, 9 (2):  149-152.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2017.02.14 Abstract ( 118 )   PDF (360KB) ( 429 )   Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficacy of intrapleural infusion of lobaplatin combined with Endostar and microwave hyperthermia in treatment of malignant pleural effusion   Du Guobo,Jiang Lin,Zhou Jing,Hou Min 2017, 9 (2):  152-154.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2017.02.15 Abstract ( 341 )   PDF (371KB) ( 652 )   Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Nursing care for a multiple myeloma patient with incontinence-associated dermatitis: case report and literature review Shi Jie,Jiang Jinfang 2017, 9 (2):  155-157.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2017.02.12 Abstract ( 308 )   PDF (361KB) ( 407 )   Save Objective To investigate nursing methods for treating a multiple myeloma patient with incontinence-associated dermatitis （IAD）. Methods Clinical features，diagnosis，treatment and nursing interventions were described for a patient with advanced multiple myeloma and IAD. The relevant literature was also searched. Results The patient was a 35-year-old male who complained of chest pain for 10 days and double lower limb sensory disturbance for 4 days. After admission，he was diagnosed with multiple myeloma，respiratory muscle paralysis，bilateral pleural effusion，and moderate scrotal IAD. The patient was given combined chemotherapy involving bortezomib （2 mg，d1，4，8，11） and liposomal doxorubicin （40 mg d1） as well as other symptomatic treatments，such as blood transfusion，protein supplements，and anti-infectives. Absorbent products were applied to clean up skin contamination quickly. The skin was cleaned，moisturized and protected；3-in-1 care wipes or transparent protective film was used. The patient improved upon discharge. Conclusion Individualized care can reduce the incidence of IAD and improve the efficacy of nursing interventions. Related Articles | Metrics

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Standardized and novel treatments for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes: an update Liu Jiaxi,Wang Huaquan 2017, 9 (2):  158-163.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2017.02.17 Abstract ( 352 )   PDF (387KB) ( 889 )   Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress in autophagy and its relations to liver dieases Tang Yanfen,Yang Xuefeng 2017, 9 (2):  164-166.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2017.02.18 Abstract ( 244 )   PDF (407KB) ( 477 )   Save Related Articles | Metrics