Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of adiponectin on the growth of insulin resistance endometrial cancer xenografts in nude mice induced by high-fat diet. Methods Forty nude mice were randomly divided into a high-fat diet group and a normal diet group，with 20 rats in each group，which were fed with high-fat diet（HFD） and normal diet（ND），respectively. The levels of fasting blood glucose（FBG） and fasting serum insulin（FINS） in nude mice after feeding 10 weeks were measured，and the insulin resistance index（HOMA-IR） was calculated，resulting in a model of insulin resistance in nude mice. At the 11th week，endometrial cancer HEC-1B cells were inoculated into nude mice. After the xenografts reached 0.5 cm，10 nude mice were randomly selected from each group，named as HFD+APN group and ND+APN group，respectively，and adiponectin was intraperitoneally injected into nude mice；the remaining nude mice，named HFD group and ND group，respectively，were injected with 0.9% sodium chloride. After 14 weeks，the metabolism of blood glucose and blood lipids in each group was measured. Results The average body weight，body length，FBG，FINS，and HOMA-IR of nude mice in the high-fat diet group after feeding 10 weeks were larger than those in the normal diet group，and the results of glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test showed that the blood glucose level was also higher than that in the normal diet group（all P<0.05）. Nude mice formed tumors after inoculation with endometrial cancer HEC-1B cells，and the modeling was successful. The average weight and volume growth rate of xenografts in the HFD+APN group and the ND+APN group were lower than those in the HFD group and the ND group（all P<0.05）. After 14 weeks，the level of FINS，HOMA-IR，TC and TG of the HFD group and the HFD+APN group were all higher than those of the ND group and the ND+APN group（all P<0.01），and the HFD group was significantly higher than the HFD+APN group（P<0.01）. Serum adiponectin level in the HFD+APN group was significantly lower than that in the ND+APN group（P<0.01），and the HFD group was also significantly lower than the ND group（P<0.05）. Conclusion Adiponectin can improve insulin resistance caused by a high-fat diet，inhibiting the growth of endometrial cancer xenografts.

Key words: Endometrial cancer, Adiponectin, Insulin resistance, Xenograft