Table of Content

25 April 2023, Volume 15 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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CACA guidlines for holistic integrative management of cancer·Psychotherapy TANG Lili 2023, 15 (2):  109-117.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2023.02.01 Abstract ( 261 )   PDF   Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Key functional molecules supporting “Cancer Evo Dev” and their roles in the prophylaxis and treatment of cancer CAO Guangwen 2023, 15 (2):  118-128.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2023.02.02 Abstract ( 186 )   PDF   Save The occurrence and development of malignant tumors follow an evolutionary trajectory of "mutation⁃selection⁃adaption". External and internal carcinogenic factors promote alterations in chromosomes and mutations in the major functional genes of affected cells directly or indirectly via arousing chronic non⁃resolving inflammation. At the stage of precancerous lesion, chronic inflammation facilitates the accumulation of mutation⁃driving forces, of which the transcription and translation of an important tumor suppressor, the fragile histidine triad (FHIT), are seriously inhibited in more than 50% precancerous lesions. External carcinogenic factors induces the promoter CpG methylation and replication stress leads to loss of heterozygosity, both of which result in the defect of FHIT expression. The defect of FHIT expression leads to aneuploidy, resulting in macroevolution characterized by chromosome instability; while the defect of FHIT expression promotes the formation of single⁃stranded DNA, which facilitates the mutagenic effect of APOBEC3B, resulting in microevolution characterized by single base substitutions. Inflammatory factors such as interleukin⁃6 trans⁃activates the expression of APOBEC3B and trans⁃inactivates the expression of uracil glycosylase (UNG), thus dis⁃balancing APOBEC3B and UNG. This promotes somatic mutations and viral mutations, facilitating cancer evolution. The mutated cells actively transform surrounding fibroblasts into cancer⁃associated fibroblasts that recruit suppressive immune cells to establish tumor microenvironment under hypoxia conditions. The mutated cells are selected and adapted to tumor microenvironment and then retro⁃differentiated into cancer initiation cells, thus facilitating retro⁃development of cancer cells. Based on this theory, FHIT and APOBEC3B/UNG should be novel targets for the prophylaxis and control of malignancies. It will develop a novel avenue for the specific prophylaxis and control of cancers to remove external and internal factors that inhibit the function of FHIT and/or upregulate the expression of AID/APOBEC3s, rectify tumor microenvironment that facilitates cancer retro⁃differentiation via aerobic exercise and immunotherapy, and interrupt the retro⁃development of cancer via targeted therapy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of the BLOC 3 mediated mitochondrial localization of Rab32 on the  growth of liver cancer cells LIU Xiaoli, LIAO Dawen, WANG Xingchen, XU Xiaojun, WEI Yuanyuan, WANG Nan, ZHANG Zhigang, SUN Xiacheng, HUANG Qichao, JI Lele 2023, 15 (2):  129-137.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2023.02.03 Abstract ( 213 )   PDF   Save Objective To observe the effect of the Hps1 and Hps4 subunits of biogenesis of lysosome⁃related organelles complex⁃3(BLOC⁃3) on the mitochondrial localization of Rab32 in liver cancer cells and the role of  liver cancer growth. Methods The interaction of Hps1 and Hps4 with Rab32 was analyzed by public databases GenDoma, String and InBio Discover. Human liver cancer cell lines SNU⁃739 and Hep⁃3B were cultured in vitro and transfected with Hps1 and Hps4⁃related siRNAs and plasmids, respectively, by using the liposome transfection method. The effect of Hps1 and Hps4 on the mitochondrial localization of Rab32 was observed by immunofluorescence and Western blot. Cell scratch, clonogenesis, EdU, MTS and Transwell invasion assays were used to detect the changes of liver cancer cell migration, proliferation and invasion after the regulation of Rab32 mitochondrial localization by Hps1 and Hps4. The expression difference of Rab32 protein in liver cancer and normal liver tissues was analyzed by using dataset CPTAC in the public database UALCAN. Results Database analysis showed that both Hps1 and Hps4 could interact with Rab32. Rab32 protein expression was significantly decreased in liver cancer tissues compared with normal liver tissues (P<0.001). After interference with Hps1 or Hps4 or both Hps1 and Hps4 in liver cancer cell line SNU⁃739, the mitochondrial localization of Rab32 were decreased (all P<0.01), mitochondrial Rab32 protein expression were decreased (allP<0.001), and cell proliferation, migration and invasion were enhanced (all P<0.05). After overexpression of Hps1 and Hps4 in liver cancer cell line Hep⁃3B, the mitochondrial localization of Rab32 was increased (P<0.01), the protein expression of mitochondrial Rab32 was increased (P<0.001), and the proliferation, migration and invasion of cells were inhibited (all P<0.01), while the overexpression of Hps1 or Hps4 alone had no significant inhibitory effect (all P>0.05).  Conclusions Both Hps1 and Hps4, the subunits of BLOC⁃3, can interact with Rab32 and increase the mitochondrial localization of Rab32, thereby inhibiting the growth of liver cancer  cells. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Sophoridine in mice with bone cancer pain and its mechanism LI Junda, NING Xing, LIU Zhen, CHEN Haishao, ZHAO Lu, LI Huadao, OU Huajin, PAN Linghui 2023, 15 (2):  138-143.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2023.02.04 Abstract ( 204 )   PDF   Save Objective To investigate the effect of Sophoridine in mice with bone cancer pain (BCP) and its mechanism. Methods A total of 24 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham surgery group (Sham group), bone cancer pain group (BCP group), bone cancer pain+normal saline group (BCP+NS group), and bone cancer pain+Sophoridine group (BCP+Sophoridine group, 25 mg/kg). The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold and the paw withdrawal latency were detected at 1 d before and 3 d, 5 d, 7 d, 10 d and 14 d after cancer cell inoculation. The expression levels of dorsal root ganglion of spinal cord L4⁃L5 segment and DAP12/Trem2/TLR4 axis⁃related proteins in the cerebral cortex tissues were determined by Western blot. Results Compared with the Sham group, the mechanical paw withdrawal threshold and the paw withdrawal latency in the BCP group were significantly reduced at 5 d, 7 d, 10 d and 14 d after surgery (all P<0.05).Compared with the BCP group, the paw withdrawal latency in the BCP+Sophoridine group was significantly increased at 5 d, 7 d, 10 d, and 14 d after surgery (all P<0.05), while the mechanical paw withdrawal threshold was significantly increased in the BCP+Sophoridine group at 10 d and 14 d after surgery (all P<0.05). Western blot results showed that compared with the BCP group, the protein expressions of TLR4 in both dorsal root ganglion and cerebral cortex tissues of mice in the BCP+Sophoridine group were significantly reduced (all P<0.05), and the protein expressions of DAP12 and Trem2 were significantly increased (all P<0.05). Conclusions Sophoridine can alleviate bone cancer pain, and the underlying mechanism may be related to the DAP12/Trem2/TLR4 axis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of IFIT3 on invasion,metastasis and EMT of nasopharyngeal carcinoma  QIN Yuelan, SUN Yongchu, CHEN Kaihua, SONG Yangguang, 2023, 15 (2):  143-148.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2023.02.05 Abstract ( 207 )   PDF   Save Objective To investigate the expression of interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 3 (IFIT3) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE⁃2R cells and its effect on the ability of invasion, metastasis and epithelial⁃mesenchymal transition (EMT). Methods The expression levels of IFIT3 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE⁃2R cells and normal nasopharyngeal NP69 cells were detected by RT⁃qPCR and Western blot. The nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells CNE⁃2R were infected with IFIT3 shRNA sequences LV1, LV2 and LV3, and the negative control group (NC group) was set up. The expression of epithelial marker E⁃cadherin, mesenchymal markers N⁃cadherin and Vimentin were detected by RT⁃qPCR and Western blot. The migration and invasion ability of cells were detected by the scratch assay and the Transwell assay. Results Compared with NP69 cells, the mRNA and protein expression levels of IFIT3 were significantly up⁃regulated in CNE⁃2R cells (all P<0.001). The mRNA and protein expression levels of IFIT3 in the LV1, LV2 and the LV3 groups were the lower than those in the NC group (all P<0.001) and the expression levels were the lowest in the LV2 and LV3 groups. Compared with the NC group, the cell migration rate, the number of migrating and invasive cells, the expression of N⁃cadherin and Vimentin protein were significantly decreased in both the LV2 and LV3 groups (all P<0.001), while the expression of E⁃cadherin protein was significantly increased (all P<0.001). Conclusions sThe expression of IFIT3 is up⁃regulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE⁃2R cells, and the invasion and metastasis ability of  CNE⁃2R cells and EMT are significantly inhibited after IFIT3 silencing.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Combined effect of ATRA and SAHA on transplanted tumor of human breast cancer cell MCF-7 in nude mice JIAO Kailun, YU Richeng, HE Tao 2023, 15 (2):  149-156.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2023.02.06 Abstract ( 147 )   PDF   Save Objective To investigate the combined effect of all⁃trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and suberoyl anilide hydroxamic acid  (SAHA) on the growth of the transplanted tumors of human breast cancer cell MCF⁃7 in nude mice and its mechanism. Methods  MCF⁃7 cells were cultured in vitro and the optimal compatibility concentration of the ATRA and SAHA combination was selected by CCK⁃8 assay. The human breast cancer cell MCF⁃7 nude mice xenograft model was established and randomly divided into control group (PBS), ATRA group (0.84 mg/kg ATRA), SAHA group (0.42 mg/kg SAHA) and ATRA+SAHA group (0.84 mg/kg ATRA+0.42 mg/kg SAHA), with 5 nude mice in each group. When the transplanted tumor grew to 100 mm3, the drug was given subcutaneously for 2 weeks administration according to the grouping, then the orbital vein blood was collected. The tumor tissues were taken from nude mice after sacrificed by cervical amputation and weighed, and tumor inhibition rate and organ index were calculated. The serum interleukin⁃6 receptor (IL⁃6R) contents of nude mice were measured by ELISA. The morphological structure of tumor tissues was observed by HE staining, and the expression levels of the tumor proliferation and metastasis related proteins Caspase⁃3, MMP⁃9, MMP⁃2, and the anti⁃tumor gene proteins p53 and EGFR in tumor tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Results The CCK⁃8 assay showed that MCF⁃7 cell viability was the lowest when treated with 0.40 mg/mL ATRA+0.15 mg/mL SAHA, which was the optimal compatibility concentration for the combination of  SAHA and ATRA. Compared with the control group and each monotherapy group, the tumor inhibition rates of nude mice in the ATRA+SAHA group was significantly increased (all P<0.05), the serum IL⁃6R content was decreased (all P<0.05), and the liver organ index was significantly decreased (all P<0.01); the spleen index was also significantly lower in the ATRA+SAHA group compared with the ATRA group (P<0.05). The transplanted tumors tissues in the ATRA+SAHA group were mainly severely necrotic, and the expression levels of MMP⁃9, MMP⁃2, and EGFR in the tumor tissues were decreased significantly compared with the control group and each monotherapy groups (all P<0.05), while the expression levels of p53 and Caspase⁃3 were increased significantly (all P<0.01). Conclusions The combination of ATRA and SAHA has synergistic anti⁃tumor effect. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of miR-93-5p targeting PKMYT1 on the proliferation,migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells MA Haijun, SHANG Chunxiang, HAN Na, LI Miao 2023, 15 (2):  156-162.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2023.02.07 Abstract ( 164 )   PDF   Save Objective To investigate the effect of miR⁃93⁃5p targeting protein kinase membrane associated tyrosine/threonine 1 (PKMYT1) on the proliferation, migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells and its mechanism. Methods Plasmids inhibitor NC, miR⁃93⁃5p inhibitor, pcDNA, and pc⁃PKMYT1 were transfected into A549 cells by using LipofectamineTM 2000 and recorded as inhibitor NC group, miR⁃93⁃5p inhibitor group, pcDNA group, and pc⁃PKMYT1 group, respectively, while the untransfected cells were recorded as the control group. The expression level of miR⁃93⁃5p and PKMYT1 mRNA were detected by qRT⁃PCR. The targeting relationship between miR⁃93⁃5p and PKMYT1 was verified by using the double luciferase reporter gene assay. The cell proliferation ability was detected by CCK⁃8; the cell cycle was measured by the flow cytometry; the cell migration and invasion were detected by Transwell assay; and the expression levels of PKMYT1, Cyclin D1 and Cyclin B1 were detected by Western blot. Results Compared with BEAS⁃2B cells, the expression levels of miR⁃93⁃5p were increased in SPC⁃A⁃1 cells, A549 cells and LTEP⁃α⁃2 cells (all P<0.01), while the expressions of PKMYT1 mRNA and protein were decreased (all P<0.001). After 24 h transfection, compared with those of the control group and the inhibitor NC group, the proliferative activity of A549 cells, the proportion of S phase cells, the numbers of migrating cells, the numbers of invading cells and the protein levels of Cyclin D1 and Cyclin B1 in the miR⁃93⁃5p inhibitor group were decreased (all P<0.05), while the proportion of G2/M phase cells was increased (P<0.001). Double luciferase report gene assay showed that compared with the miR⁃93⁃5p NC+ 3'UTR⁃WT group, the relative activity of luciferase in the miR⁃93⁃5p mimic + 3'UTR⁃WT group was decreased (P<0.001). After 24 h transfection, compared with the pcDNA group, the proliferative activity of A549 cells, the proportion of S phase cells, the number of migrating cells, the number of invading cells and the protein levels of Cyclin D1 and Cyclin B1 in the pc⁃PKMYT1 group were decreased (all P<0.001), while the proportion of G2/M phase cells was increased (P<0.001). Conclusions Silence of miR⁃93⁃5p may inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells by up⁃regulating the PKMYT1 expression. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of SLC1A5 on the radiosensitivity of triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and its mechanism SONG Qiulu, HUANG Juanchan, LIN Chunxiang, WEI Kexuan, TANG Min, ZHAO Wei 2023, 15 (2):  163-169.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2023.02.08 Abstract ( 186 )   PDF   Save Objective To investigate the effect of solute carrier family 1 member 5 (SLC1A5) on the radiosensitivity of triple⁃negative breast cancer MDA⁃MB⁃231 cell lines and its mechanism. Methods The triple⁃negative breast cancer MDA⁃MB⁃231 cell lines  were treated with X⁃ray and SLC1A5 inhibitor L⁃γ⁃glutamyl⁃p⁃nitroanilide (GPNA). The cells were irradiated with 4 Gy or 8 Gy alone or combined with 3 mmol/L GPNA, and the proliferation ability of cells was detected by CCK⁃8 method. Then the cells treated with 8 Gy irradiation alone or combined with 3 mmol/L GPNA were divided into control (DMSO) group, SLC1A5 inhibitor (GPNA) group, irradiation (IR) group, and combination (IR+GPNA) group. Clone formation test, Scratch assay and Transwell assay were used to detect the clonogenesis ability, migration ability and the invasion ability of cells, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) fluorescent probe (DCFH⁃DA) was used to detect the contents of ROS in cells. Malondialdehyde (MDA) kits were used to detect the contents of MDA in cells. Mito⁃tracker Red CMXRos staining assay was used to observe mitochondrial morphology. The expression level of PTGS2 gene was detected by RT⁃qPCR. Results Compared with the DMSO group, the cell proliferation ability decreased in the 4 Gy, 8 Gy, 4 Gy+GPNA and 8 Gy+GPNA groups(all P<0.01), the proliferation ability of cells in the 4 Gy+GPNA and 8 Gy+GPNA groups was lower than that of the corresponding simple irradiation groups(all P<0.01), and the decrease was more obvious in the high radiation dose group. Compared with the DMSO group, the cell clone formation ability, migration ability and invasion ability were reduced in the IR, GPNA and IR+GPNA groups, and the reduction was more significant in the IR+GPNA group. Compared with the DMSO group, the GPNA, IR and IR+GPNA groups had increased ROS levels, MDA contents and PTGS2 gene expression (all P<0.05) and reduced mitochondrial morphology (P<0.01), and such changes were most pronounced in the IR+GPNA group. Conclusions SLC1A5 inhibitor can further inhibit the proliferation. clonogenesis migration and invasion, of triple⁃negative breast cancer MDA⁃MB⁃231 cells on the basis of irradiation, and improve the radiosensitivity of cells. The underlying mechanism may be related to the activation of ferroptosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of lncRNA LOC730101 on the proliferation,migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma TANG Ting, JIN Kai, WANG Haolun, LI Meile, ZHANG Weiming, LUO Xiaoling, XIE Yu'an 2023, 15 (2):  170-175.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2023.02.09 Abstract ( 175 )   PDF   Save Objective To investigate the effect of long non⁃coding RNA (lncRNA) LOC730101 on the biological behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods R software was used to analyze the difference in the expression of LOC730101 in 374 HCC tissues and 50 normal tissues from the LIHC dataset of TCGA. 40 pairs of HCC tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues were collected from the patients with HCC who underwent surgical resection and were pathologically diagnosed in Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital in 2018, and the HCC cell lines Huh⁃7, HCCLM3, HepG2 and human normal liver cell line L02 were cultured. The relative expression level of LOC730101 in tissues and cell lines was detected by qRT⁃PCR. The stable overexpressing cell lines LOC730101 (OE⁃LOC730101) and knocking down LOC730101 (sh⁃LOC730101) were constructed by lentivirus infection in HCC cell lines Huh⁃7 and HCCLM3, the corresponding control group (control) and negative control groups (sh⁃NC, OE⁃NC) was set up at the same time, and qRT⁃PCR was used to verify the infection effect. The proliferation ability of cells in each group was detected by CCK⁃8. The migration and invasion ability of cells in each group were detected by wound healing assay and Transwell invasion assay. Results TCGA database analysis showed that the expression level of LOC730101 in HCC tissues was higher than that in normal tissues (P<0.001). The results of qRT⁃PCR showed that the expression level of LOC730101 in HCC tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues (P<0.001). The expression level of LOC730101 in liver cancer cell lines Huh⁃7, HepG2 and HCCLM3 were also higher than that in human normal liver cell line L02 (all P<0.05 ). Compared with the corresponding negative control group, the proliferation, migration and invasion ability of cells were decreased in the sh⁃LOC730101 group (all P<0.05), while increased in the OE⁃LOC730101 group (all P<0.01). Conclusions lncRNA LOC730101 is up⁃regulated in HCC tissues and cells, and may promote its proliferation, migration and invasion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Combined effect of Entecavir and Chloroquine on biological function of liver cancer HepG2 cells ZHANG Zhenneng, TAN Siying, TANG Qinfen, HUANG Tianren 2023, 15 (2):  176-180.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2023.02.10 Abstract ( 117 )   PDF   Save Objective To investigate the combined effect of Entecavir and Chloroquine on the biological function of liver cancer HepG2 cells. Methods HepG2 cells were treated with Entecavir (40 μmol/L), Chloroquine (10 μmol/L) or a combination of both, and a blank control group was set up. The cell viability was detected by CCK⁃8 assay, the cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, the cell invasion ability was detected by Transwell assay, and danyl glutarenediamine (MDC) staining was used to detect cell autophagy. Results Compared with the blank control group, Entecavir or Chloroquine alone inhibited the cell viability and invasion of  HepG2 cells, and the combined inhibitory effect was more significant (all P<0.05). Both Entecavir and Chloroquine could increase the overall apoptosis rate of HepG2 cells, and the combined effect was more significant (all P<0.001). The autophagosomes in HepG2 cells were reduced after Entecavir or Chloroquine treatment alone, and the number of autophagosomes in HepG2 cells was more significantly reduced after the combined treatment. Conclusions Both Entecavir and Chloroquine can inhibit the cell viability and invasion of liver cancer HepG2 cells, promoting cell apoptosis and reduce autophagy level. The combined effect of Entecavir and Chloroquine on these biological functions is more significant, which deserves further investigation.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of malignant tumors and disease burden in Guangxi,2018 ZHOU Zihan, LI Qiulin, YU Jiahua, RONG Minhua, LIAN Jiawei, MAI Yuejiao, CAO Ji, GE Lianying, TANG Weizhong, YU Hongping 2023, 15 (2):  181-199.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2023.02.11 Abstract ( 265 )   PDF   Save Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of malignant tumors in Guangxi in 2018, and to provide evidence for prevention and treatment of malignant tumors. Methods According to the tumor incidence and death data reported by 36 cancer registration areas in Guangxi in 2018, the incidence, mortality and age⁃standardized rate by Chinese standard population (ASRC) were calculated to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of malignant tumors. The disability adjusted life years (DALYs) and years of life lost with premature death (YLLs) were calculated to assess the disease burden of malignant tumors. Results In 2018, a total of 55,552 new cases of malignant tumors were reported in Guangxi cancer registration areas, with a crude incidence of 222.83/105 and ASRC of 182.50/105. A total of 35,001 deaths were reported, with a crude mortality rate of 140.40/105 and ASRC of 110.13/105. Cancers resulted in 519,489.94 DALYs in Guangxi in 2018, the DALYs rates were 2,083.79 DALYs per 100,000 persons. Liver cancer and breast cancer were the most common malignant tumors in male and female, respectively. The DALYs burden caused by liver cancer and lung cancer were the top one for malignant tumors DALYs in male and female, respectively. Leukemia, female breast cancer, liver cancer and lung cancer were the most common malignancies in children (0-14 years old), young and middle⁃aged (15-44 years old), middle⁃aged and elderly (45-64 years old) and elderly (65 years old and above), respectively. The incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer, female breast cancer, colorectal cancer and prostate cancer in urban areas were higher than those in rural areas, whereas the incidence and mortality rates of liver cancer, cervical cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer and esophageal cancer in rural areas were higher than those in urban areas. Conclusions Liver cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, female breast cancer and cervical cancer are still the major malignant tumors in Guangxi. The malignant tumor burden of Guangxi residents is still serious, the differences of region, gender and age in cancer burden are obvious , and the prevention and control situation of malignant tumor is serious. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of cytoskeleton associated protein 4 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma and its clinical significance ZHANG Haoting, YANG Yintao, MA Yujie, LI Jinglei, YANG Haozhi, LI Zhou, WANG Shuo 2023, 15 (2):  190-195.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2023.02.12 Abstract ( 149 )   PDF   Save Objective To investigate the expression of cytoskeleton⁃associated protein 4 (CKAP4) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and its clinical significance. Methods A total of 237 tumor tissues and paracancerous tissues were collected from ccRCC patients. The expression level of CKAP4 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry. The clinicopathological characteristics of ccRCC patients with different CKAP4 protein expression levels were compared by χ2 test. The Kaplan⁃Meier method and Log⁃rank test were used to analyze the differences in the overall survival (OS) and progression⁃free survival (PFS) of patients with different CKAP4 protein expression levels. Cox proportional hazard regression was performed to analyze the influencing factors of OS and PFS in the patients with ccRCC. Results The high expression rate of CKAP4 protein in ccRCC tissues was significantly higher than that in paracancerous tissues (54.0% vs 23.6%, χ2=46.050, P<0.001). CKAP4 protein was highly expressed in the cancer tissues of ccRCC patients with higher Fuhrman grade, deeper tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and higher TNM stage (all P<0.05). The ccRCC patients with high expression of CKAP4 protein had significantly lower OS rate (χ2=6.394, P=0.011) and PFS rate (χ2=10.065, P=0.002) than those with low CKAP4 protein expression. High expression of CKAP4 protein was an independent risk factor for postoperative OS (HR=2.884, 95%CI:1.425-4.765, P<0.001) and PFS (HR=3.512, 95%CI: 1.987-5.326, P<0.001) in the patients with ccRCC. Conclusions CKAP4 protein is highly expressed in ccRCC tissues, and is an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in the patients with ccRCC. Related Articles | Metrics

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Prognostic factors for hepatocellular carcinoma of China liver cancer staging Ⅲ after radiotherapy and prediction nomogram construction QIU Jialin, LIANG Shixiong, LI Jianxu, QIU Moqin, LONG Meiying, JIANG Yanji, HE Meiling, WEI Xueyan, YU Hongping 2023, 15 (2):  195-201.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2023.02.13 Abstract ( 214 )   PDF   Save Objective To investigate the risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with China liver cancer staging (CNLC)Ⅲhepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who received intensity⁃modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), and a prediction nomogram model was established. Methods The clinicopathologic data of CNLC stageⅢ HCC patients who received IMRT treatment in the Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital from January 2012 to March 2021 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Univariable and multivariatble Cox regression models were used to analyze the independent factors affecting the prognosis of patients. A nomogram was constructed to predict 1⁃year, 2⁃year, and 3⁃year overall survival (OS) rates, and the areas under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curves were used to evaluate the efficacy of the model. The patients were divided into high risk group and low risk group, according to the median risk score of Cox model. The survival curves were plotted by using the Kaplan⁃Meier method, and the survival difference between the two groups was analyzed by log⁃rank. Results A total of 250 HCC patients were included in this study. The results of multivariable Cox regression analysis suggested that tumor number, alpha⁃fetoprotein (AFP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and blood platelet (PLT) were the independent prognostic factors of IMRT in HCC patients with CNLC stageⅢ (all P<0.05). The AUC of ROC for the prognosis nomogram predicting the OS of patients at 1⁃year, 2⁃year and 3⁃year were 0.680 (95%CI: 0.613-0.748), 0.717 (95%CI: 0.638-0.796) and 0.783 (95%CI:0.696-0.871), respectively. The calibration curves showed good consistency between the predicted rate and the actual rate. Log⁃rank showed that the OS of the low risk group was significantly better than that of the high risk group (P<0.001). Conclusions Tumor number, AFP, ALP and PLT are independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of CNLC stageⅢHCC patients treated with IMRT. The nomogram model established based on the above indexes may help clinicians to make a more accurate prognosis assessment for patients and guide the clinical individualized treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application values of two dicarboxyl acylcarnitines in hepatitis B virus related diseases based on targeted metabolomics WU Longjunyu, YE Chunhua, YAO Qingchun, LI Yuandong, ZHANG Chunyan 2023, 15 (2):  202-207.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2023.02.14 Abstract ( 165 )   PDF   Save bjective To investigate the values of suberylcarnitine (C8⁃DC) and hexadecanedioylcarnitine (C16⁃DC) in the diagnosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV)⁃related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver cirrhosis (LC). Methods The serum of 41 HCC patients (HCC group) and 18 LC patients (LC group) from Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital from May 2018 to May 2019 were collected, and 30 healthy volunteers during the same period were selected as the normal control group (NC group). The targeted analysis of C8⁃DC and C16⁃DC was performed by using the combined technology of ultra⁃high performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole time⁃of⁃flight mass spectrometry. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy. Results The levels of C8⁃DC in the LC group and HCC group were higher than those in the NC group (all P<0.001), and the levels of C16⁃DC in the LC group were higher than those in the NC group (P<0.001) and HCC group (P<0.05). The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of C8⁃DC for diagnosing and discriminating LC and HCC were 0.889, 0.776 and 0.654, respectively; the AUC of C16⁃DC for diagnosing and discriminating LC and HCC were 0.878, 0.646 and 0.743, respectively; the AUC of combining C8⁃DC and C16⁃DC for diagnosing and discriminating LC and HCC were 0.898, 0.797 and 0.714, respectively. Conclusions C8⁃DC and C16⁃DC are closely related to HBV⁃related HCC and LC, and have certain value in diagnosing HBV⁃related HCC and LC. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of evolutionary patterns and prognostic molecular markers of renal cell carcinoma HU Ming, LIU Yan, ZHOU Xiong, CAO Guangwen, TAN Xiaojie 2023, 15 (2):  208-217.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2023.02.15 Abstract ( 151 )   PDF   Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of exosome derived miRNA in the diagnosis and treatment of urological tumors LIU Chunhui, ZHANG Junjie, HAO Lin 2023, 15 (2):  217-223.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2023.02.16 Abstract ( 157 )   PDF   Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Application progress of pedicled lateral thoracic artery perforator flap in oncoplastic breast conserving surgery ZHONG Jiajian, XIE Li, GAO Jidong 2023, 15 (2):  223-229.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2023.02.17 Abstract ( 173 )   PDF   Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in the mechanism of neutrophil extracellular traps promoting tumor metastasis#br# YANG Yue, WANG Jue, ZHANG Chunlei, ZHENG Peiyong, SONG Haiyan 2023, 15 (2):  230-235.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2023.02.18 Abstract ( 185 )   PDF   Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for drug tolerant persister cancer cells LIU Siyang, TANG Enyu, XU Guangquan 2023, 15 (2):  235-239.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2023.02.19 Abstract ( 225 )   PDF   Save Related Articles | Metrics

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New advances in the treatment of MET 14 exon skipping mutation in advanced non small cell lung cancer SUN Man, LI Xiaomin 2023, 15 (2):  239-244.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5671.2023.02.20 Abstract ( 166 )   PDF   Save Related Articles | Metrics